Sri Adi Shankara Vedanta Shodha Kendra (SASVSK)

parisamāptaṁ karma sahāparabrahmaviṣayavijñānena । saiṣā karmaṇo jñānasahitasya parā gatirukthavijñānadvāreṇopasaṁhṛtā । etatsatyaṁ brahma prāṇākhyam । eṣa eko devaḥ । etasyaiva prāṇasya sarve devā vibhūtayaḥ । etasya prāṇasyātmabhāvaṁ gacchan devatā apyeti ityuktam । so'yaṁ devatāpyayalakṣaṇaḥ paraḥ puruṣārthaḥ । eṣa mokṣaḥ । sa cāyaṁ yathoktena jñānakarmasamuccayena sādhanena prāptavyo nātaḥ paramastītyeke pratipannāḥ । tānnirācikīrṣuruttaraṁ kevalātmajñānavidhānārtham ‘ātmā vā idam’ ityādyāha । kathaṁ punarakarmasambandhikevalātmavijñānavidhānārtha uttaro grantha iti gamyate ? anyārthānavagamāt । tathā ca pūrvoktānāṁ devatānāmagnyādīnāṁ saṁsāritvaṁ darśayiṣyatyaśanāyādidoṣavattvena ‘tamaśanāyāpipāsābhyāmanvavārjat’ (ai. u. 1 । 2 । 1) ityādinā । aśanāyādimatsarvaṁ saṁsāra eva parasya tu brahmaṇo'śanāyādyatyayaśruteḥ । bhavatvevaṁ kevalātmajñānaṁ mokṣasādhanam , na tvatrākarmyevādhikriyate ; viśeṣāśravaṇāt । akarmiṇa āśramyantarasyehāśravaṇāt । karma ca bṛhatīsahasralakṣaṇaṁ prastutya anantaramevātmajñānaṁ prārabhyate । tasmātkarmyevādhikriyate । na ca karmāsambandhyātmavijñānam , pūrvavadante upasaṁhārāt । yathā karmasambandhinaḥ puruṣasya sūryātmanaḥ sthāvarajaṅgamādisarvaprāṇyātmatvamuktaṁ brāhmaṇena mantreṇa ca ‘sūrya ātmā’ (ṛ. saṁ. 1 । 115 । 1) ityādinā, tathaiva ‘eṣa brahmaiṣa indraḥ’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 1 । 3) ityādyupakramya sarvaprāṇyātmatvam । ‘yacca sthāvaram , sarvaṁ tatprajñānetram’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 1 । 3) ityupasaṁhariṣyati । tathā ca saṁhitopaniṣat — ‘etaṁ hyeva bahvṛcā mahatyukthe mīmāṁsante’ (ai. ā. 3 । 2 । 3 । 12) ityādinā karmasambandhitvamuktvā ‘sarveṣu bhūteṣvetameva brahmetyācakṣate’ ityupasaṁharati । tathā tasyaiva ‘yo'yamaśarīraḥ prajñātmā’ ityuktasya ‘yaścāsāvāditya ekameva taditi vidyāt’ ityekatvamuktam । ihāpi ‘ko'yamātmā’ (ai. u. 3 । 1 । 1) ityupakramya prajñātmatvameva ‘prajñānaṁ brahma’ (ai. u. 3 । 1 । 3) iti darśayiṣyati । tasmānnākarmasambandhyātmajñānam । punaruktyānarthakyamiti cet — ‘prāṇo vā ahamasmyṛṣe’ ityādibrāhmaṇena ‘sūrya ātmā’ iti ca mantreṇa nirdhāritasyātmanaḥ ‘ātmā vā idam’ ityādibrāhmaṇena ‘ko'yamātmā’ (ai. u. 3 । 1 । 1) iti praśnapūrvakaṁ punarnirdhāraṇaṁ punaruktamanarthakamiti cet , na ; tasyaiva dharmāntaraviśeṣanirdhāraṇārthatvānna punaruktatādoṣaḥ । katham ? tasyaiva karmasambandhino jagatsṛṣṭisthitisaṁhārādidharmaviśeṣanirdhāraṇārthatvāt kevalopāstyarthatvādvā ; athavā, ātmetyādiḥ paro granthasandarbhaḥ ātmanaḥ karmiṇaḥ karmaṇo'nyatropāsanāprāptau karmaprastāve'vihitatvādvā kevalo'pyātmopāsya ityevamarthaḥ । bhedābhedopāsyatvācca ‘eka evātmā’ karmaviṣaye bhedadṛṣṭibhāk । sa evākarmakāle abhedenāpyupāsya ityevamapunaruktatā ॥

‘vidyāṁ cāvidyāṁ ca yastadvedobhayaṁ saha । avidyayā mṛtyuṁ tīrtvā vidyayāmṛtamaśnute’ (ī. u. 11) iti ‘kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīviṣecchataṁ samāḥ’ (ī. u. 2) iti ca vājinām । na ca varṣaśatātparamāyurmartyānām , yena karmaparityāgena ātmānamupāsīta । darśitaṁ ca ‘tāvanti puruṣāyuṣo'hnāṁ sahasrāṇi bhavanti’ iti । varṣaśataṁ cāyuḥ karmaṇaiva vyāptam । darśitaśca mantraḥ ‘kurvanneveha karmāṇi’ ityādiḥ ; tathā ‘yāvajjīvamagnihotraṁ juhoti’ ‘yāvajjīvaṁ darśapūrṇamāsābhyāṁ yajeta’ ityādyāśca ; ‘taṁ yajñapātrairdahanti’ iti ca । ṛṇatrayaśruteśca । tatra hi pārivrājyādiśāstram ‘vyutthāyātha bhikṣācaryaṁ caranti’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 5 । 1)(bṛ. u. 4 । 4 । 22) ityātmajñānastuti - paro'rthavādo'nadhikṛtārtho vā । na, paramārthātmavijñāne phalādarśane kriyānupapatteḥ — yaduktaṁ karmiṇa eva cātmajñānaṁ karmasambandhi cetyādi, tanna ; paraṁ hyāptakāmaṁ sarvasaṁsāradoṣavarjitaṁ brahmāhamasmītyātmatvena vijñāne, kṛtena kartavyena vā prayojanamātmano'paśyataḥ phalādarśane kriyā nopapadyate । phalādarśane'pi niyuktatvātkarotīti cet , na ; niyogāviṣayātmadarśanāt । iṣṭayogamaniṣṭaviyogaṁ vātmanaḥ prayojanaṁ paśyaṁstadupāyārthī yo bhavati, sa niyogasya viṣayo dṛṣṭo loke, na tu tadviparītaniyogāviṣayabrahmātmatvadarśī । brahmātmatvadarśyapi saṁścenniyujyeta, niyogāviṣayo'pi sanna kaścinna niyukta iti sarvaṁ karma sarveṇa sarvadā kartavyaṁ prāpnoti । taccāniṣṭam । na ca sa niyoktuṁ śakyate kenacit । āmnāyasyāpi tatprabhavatvāt । na hi svavijñānotthena vacasā svayaṁ niyujyate । nāpi bahuvitsvāmī avivekinā bhṛtyena । āmnāyasya nityatve sati svātantryātsarvānprati niyoktṛtvasāmarthyamiti cet , na ; uktadoṣāt । tathāpi sarveṇa sarvadā sarvamaviśiṣṭaṁ karma kartavyamityukto doṣo'pyaparihārya eva । tadapi śāstreṇaiva vidhīyata iti cet — yathā karmakartavyatā śāstreṇa kṛtā, tathā tadapyātmajñānaṁ tasyaiva karmiṇaḥ śāstreṇa vidhīyata iti cet , na ; viruddhārthabodhakatvānupapatteḥ । na hyekasminkṛtākṛtasambandhitvaṁ tadviparītatvaṁ ca bodhayituṁ śakyam । śītoṣṇatvamivāgneḥ । na ceṣṭayogacikīrṣā ātmano'niṣṭaviyogacikīrṣā ca śāstrakṛtā, sarvaprāṇināṁ taddarśanāt । śāstrakṛtaṁ cet , tadubhayaṁ gopālādīnāṁ na dṛśyeta, aśāstrajñatvātteṣām । yaddhi svato'prāptam , tacchāstreṇa bodhayitavyam । taccetkṛtakartavyatāvirodhyātmajñānaṁ śāstreṇa kṛtam , kathaṁ tadviruddhāṁ kartavyatāṁ punarutpādayet śītatāmivāgnau, tama iva ca bhānau ? na bodhayatyeveti cet , na ; ‘sa ma ātmeti vidyāt’ (kau. u. 3 । 9) ‘prajñānaṁ brahma’ (ai. u. 3 । 1 । 3) iti copasaṁhārāt । ‘tadātmānamevāvet’ (bṛ. u. 1 । 4 । 9) ‘tattvamasi’ (chā. u. 6 । 8 । 7) ityevamādivākyānāṁ tatparatvāt । utpannasya ca brahmātmavijñānasyābādhyamānatvānnānutpannaṁ bhrāntaṁ vā iti śakyaṁ vaktum । tyāge'pi prayojanābhāvasya tulyatvamiti cet ‘nākṛteneha kaścana’ (bha. gī. 3 । 18) iti smṛteḥ — ya āhurviditvā brahma vyutthānameva kuryāditi, teṣāmapyeṣa samāno doṣaḥ prayojanābhāva iti cet , na ; akriyāmātratvādvyutthānasya । avidyānimitto hi prayojanasya bhāvaḥ, na vastudharmaḥ, sarvaprāṇināṁ taddarśanāt , prayojanatṛṣṇayā ca preryamāṇasya vāṅmanaḥkāyaiḥ pravṛttidarśanāt , ‘so'kāmayata jāyā me syāt’ (bṛ. u. 1 । 4 । 17) ityādinā putravittādi pāṅktalakṣaṇaṁ kāmyameveti ‘ubhe hyete sādhyasādhanalakṣaṇe eṣaṇe eva’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 5 । 1) iti vājasaneyibrāhmaṇe'vadhāraṇāt । avidyākāmadoṣanimittāyā vāṅmanaḥkāyapravṛtteḥ pāṅktalakṣaṇāyā viduṣo'vidyādidoṣābhāvādanupapatteḥ kriyābhāvamātraṁ vyutthānam , na tu yāgādivadanuṣṭheyarūpaṁ bhāvātmakam । tacca vidyāvatpuruṣadharma iti na prayojanamanveṣṭavyam । na hi tamasi pravṛttasya udita āloke yadgartapaṅkakaṇṭakādyapatanam , tatkimprayojanamiti praśnārham । vyutthānaṁ tarhyarthaprāptatvānna codanārtha iti । gārhasthye cetparaṁ brahmavijñānaṁ jātam , tatraivāstvakurvata āsanaṁ na tato'nyatra gamanamiti cet , na ; kāmaprayuktatvādgārhasthyasya । ‘etāvānvai kāmaḥ’ (bṛ. u. 1 । 4 । 17) ‘ubhe hyete eṣaṇe eva’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 5 । 1)(bṛ. u. 4 । 4 । 22) ityavadhāraṇāt kāmanimittaputravittādisambandhaniyamābhāvamātram ; na hi tato'nyatra gamanaṁ vyutthānamucyate । ato na gārhasthya evākurvata āsanamutpannavidyasya । etena guruśuśrūṣātapasorapyapratipattirviduṣaḥ siddhā । atra kecidgṛhasthā bhikṣāṭanādibhayātparibhavācca trasyamānāḥ sūkṣmadṛṣṭitāṁ darśayanta uttaramāhuḥ । bhikṣorapi bhikṣāṭanādiniyamadarśanāddehadhāraṇamātrārthino gṛhasthasyāpi sādhyasādhanaiṣaṇobhayavinirmuktasya dehamātradhāraṇārthamaśanācchādanamātramupajīvato gṛha evāstvāsanamiti ; na, svagṛhaviśeṣaparigrahaniyamasya kāmaprayuktatvādityuktottarametat । svagṛhaviśeṣaparigrahābhāve ca śarīradhāraṇamātraprayuktāśanācchādanārthinaḥ svaparigrahaviśeṣabhāve'rthādbhikṣukatvameva । śarīradhāraṇārthāyāṁ bhikṣāṭanādipravṛttau yathā niyamo bhikṣoḥ śaucādau ca, tathā gṛhiṇo'pi viduṣo'kāmino'stu nityakarmasu niyamena pravṛttiryāvajjīvādiśrutiniyuktatvātpratyavāyaparihārāyeti । etanniyogāviṣayatvena viduṣaḥ pratyuktamaśakyaniyojyatvācceti । yāvajjīvādinityacodanānarthakyamiti cet , na ; avidvadviṣayatvenārthavattvāt । yattu bhikṣoḥ śarīradhāraṇamātrapravṛttasya pravṛtterniyatatvam , tatpravṛtterna prayojakam । ācamanapravṛttasya pipāsāpagamavannānyaprayojanārthatvamavagamyate । na cāgnihotrādīnāṁ tadvadarthaprāptapravṛttiniyatatvopapattiḥ । arthaprāptapravṛttiniyamo'pi prayojanābhāve'nupapanna eveti cet , na ; tanniyamasya pūrvapravṛttisiddhatvāttadatikrame yatnagauravādarthaprāptasya vyutthānasya punarvacanādviduṣo mumukṣoḥ kartavyatvopapattiḥ । aviduṣāpi mumukṣuṇā pārivrājyaṁ kartavyameva ; tathā ca ‘śānto dāntaḥ’ (bṛ. u. 4 । 4 । 23) ityādivacanaṁ pramāṇam । śamadamādīnāṁ cātmadarśanasādhanānāmanyāśrameṣvanupapatteḥ । ‘atyāśramibhyaḥ paramaṁ pavitraṁ provāca samyagṛṣisaṅghajuṣṭam’ (śve. u. 6 । 21) iti ca śvetāśvatare vijñāyate । ‘na karmaṇā na prajayā dhanena tyāgenaike amṛtatvamānaśuḥ’ (kaivalya 2) iti ca kaivalyaśrutiḥ । ‘jñātvā naiṣkarmyamācaret’ iti ca smṛteḥ । ‘brahmāśramapade vaset’ iti ca brahmacaryādividyāsādhanānāṁ ca sākalyenātyāśramiṣūpapattergārhasthye'sambhavāt । na ca asampannaṁ sādhanaṁ kasyacidarthasya sādhanāyālam । yadvijñānopayogīni ca gārhasthyāśramakarmāṇi, teṣāṁ paramaphalamupasaṁhṛtaṁ devatāpyayalakṣaṇaṁ saṁsāraviṣayameva । yadi karmiṇa eva paramātmavijñānamabhaviṣyat , saṁsāraviṣayasyaiva phalasyopasaṁhāro nopāpatsyata । aṅgaphalaṁ taditi cet ; na, tadvirodhyātmavastuviṣayatvādātmavidyāyāḥ । nirākṛtasarvanāmarūpakarmaparamārthātmavastuviṣayamātmajñānamamṛtatvasādhanam । guṇaphalasambandhe hi nirākṛtasarvaviśeṣātmavastuviṣayatvaṁ jñānasya na prāpnoti ; taccāniṣṭam , ‘yatra tvasya sarvamātmaivābhūt’ (bṛ. u. 2 । 4 । 14) ityadhikṛtya kriyākārakaphalādisarvavyavahāranirākaraṇādviduṣaḥ ; tadviparītasyāviduṣaḥ ‘yatra hi dvaitamiva bhavati’ (bṛ. u. 2 । 4 । 14) ityuktvā kriyākārakaphalarūpasya saṁsārasya darśitatvācca vājasaneyibrāhmaṇe । tathehāpi devatāpyayaṁ saṁsāraviṣayaṁ yatphalamaśanāyādimadvastvātmakaṁ tadupasaṁhṛtya kevalaṁ sarvātmakavastuviṣayaṁ jñānamamṛtatvāya vakṣyāmīti pravartate । ṛṇapratibandhaścāviduṣa eva manuṣyapitṛdevalokaprāptiṁ prati, na viduṣaḥ ; ‘so'yaṁ manuṣyalokaḥ putreṇaiva’ (bṛ. u. 1 । 5 । 16) ityādilokatrayasādhananiyamaśruteḥ । viduṣaśca ṛṇapratibandhābhāvo darśita ātmalokārthinaḥ ‘kiṁ prajayā kariṣyāmaḥ’ (bṛ. u. 4 । 4 । 22) ityādinā । tathā ‘etaddha sma vai tadvidvāṁsa āhurṛṣayaḥ kāvaṣeyāḥ’ ityādi ‘etaddha sma vai tatpūrve vidvāṁso'gnihotraṁ na juhavāñcakruḥ’ (kau. u. 2 । 5) iti ca kauṣītakinām । aviduṣastarhi ṛṇānapākaraṇe pārivrājyānupapattiriti cet ; na, prāggārhasthyapratipatter‌ṛṇitvāsambhavādadhikārānārūḍho'pi ṛṇī cetsyāt , sarvasya ṛṇitvamityaniṣṭaṁ prasajyeta । pratipannagārhasthyasyāpi ‘gṛhādvanī bhūtvā pravrajedyadi vetarathā brahmacaryādeva pravrarjedgṛhādvā vanādvā’ (jā. u. 4) ityātmadarśanasādhanopāyatveneṣyata eva pārivrājyam । yāvajjīvādiśrutīnāmavidvadamumukṣuviṣaye kṛtārthatā । chāndogye ca keṣāñciddvādaśarātramagnihotraṁ hutvā tata ūrdhvaṁ parityāgaḥ śrūyate । yattvanadhikṛtānāṁ pārivrājyamiti, tanna ; teṣāṁ pṛthageva ‘utsannāgniranagniko vā’ ityādiśravaṇāt ; sarvasmṛtiṣu ca aviśeṣeṇa āśramavikalpaḥ prasiddhaḥ, samuccayaśca । yattu viduṣo'rthaprāptaṁ vyutthānamityaśāstrārthatve, gṛhe vane vā tiṣṭhato na viśeṣa iti, tadasat । vyutthānasyaivārthaprāptatvānnānyatrāvasthānaṁ syāt । anyatrāvasthānasya kāmakarmaprayuktatvaṁ hyavocāma ; tadabhāvamātraṁ vyutthānamiti ca । yathākāmitvaṁ tu viduṣo'tyantamaprāptam , atyantamūḍhaviṣayatvenāvagamāt । tathā śāstracoditamapi karmātmavido'prāptaṁ gurubhāratayāvagamyate ; kimuta atyantāvivekanimittaṁ yathākāmitvam ? na hyunmādatimiradṛṣṭyupalabdhaṁ vastu tadapagame'pi tathaiva syāt , unmādatimiradṛṣṭinimittatvādeva tasya । tasmādātmavido vyutthānavyatirekeṇa na yathākāmitvam , na cānyatkartavyamityetatsiddham । yattu ‘vidyāṁ cāvidyāṁ ca yastadvedobhayaṁ saha’ (ī. u. 11) iti na vidyāvato vidyayā sahāvidyāpi vartata ityayamarthaḥ ; kastarhi ? ekasminpuruṣe ete na saha sambadhyeyātāmityarthaḥ ; yathā śuktikāyāṁ rajataśuktikājñāne ekasya puruṣasya । ‘dūramete viparīte viṣūcī avidyā yā ca vidyeti jñātā’ (ka. u. 1 । 2 । 4) iti hi kāṭhake । tasmānna vidyāyāṁ satyāmavidyāyāḥ sambhavo'sti । ‘tapasā brahma vijijñāsasva’ (tai. u. 3 । 2 । 2) ityādiśruteḥ । tapaādi vidyotpattisādhanaṁ gurūpāsanādi ca karma avidyātmakatvādavidyocyate । tena vidyāmutpādya mṛtyuṁ kāmamatitarati । tato niṣkāmastyaktaiṣaṇo brahmavidyayā amṛtatvamaśnuta ityetamarthaṁ darśanayannāha — ‘avidyayā mṛtyuṁ tīrtvā vidyayāmṛtamaśnute’ (ī. u. 11) iti । yattu puruṣāyuḥ sarvaṁ karmaṇaiva vyāptam , ‘kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīviṣecchataṁ samāḥ’ (ī. u. 2) iti, tadavidvadviṣayatvena parihṛtam , itarathā asambhavāt । yattu vakṣyamāṇamapi pūrvoktatulyatvātkarmaṇā aviruddhamātmajñānamiti, tatsaviśeṣanirviśeṣātmaviṣayatayā pratyuktam ; uttaratra vyākhyāne ca darśayiṣyāmaḥ । ataḥ kevalaniṣkriyabrahmātmaikatvavidyāpradarśanārthamuttaro grantha ārabhyate ॥

ātmā vā idameka evāgra āsīt । nānyatkiñcana miṣat । sa īkṣata lokānnu sṛjā iti ॥ 1 ॥

ātmeti । ātmā āpnoteratteratatervā paraḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvaśaktiraśanāyādisarvasaṁsāradharmavarjito nityatyaśuddhabuddhamuktasvabhāvo'jo'jaro'maro'mṛto'bhayo'dvayo vai । idaṁ yaduktaṁ nāmarūpakarmabhedabhinnaṁ jagat ātmaiva ekaḥ agre jagataḥ sṛṣṭeḥ prāk āsīt । kiṁ nedānīṁ sa evaikaḥ ? na । kathaṁ tarhi āsīdityucyate ? yadyapīdānīṁ sa evaikaḥ, tathāpyasti viśeṣaḥ । prāgutpatteḥ avyākṛtanāmarūpabhedamātmabhūtamātmaikaśabdapratyayagocaraṁ jagat idānīṁ vyākṛtanāmarūpabhedatvādanekaśabdapratyayagocaramātmaikaśabdapratyayagocaraṁ ceti viśeṣaḥ । yathā salilātpṛthak phenanāmarūpavyākaraṇātprāksalilaikaśabdapratyayagocarameva phenam , yadā salilātpṛthaṅ nāmarūpabhedena vyākṛtaṁ bhavati, tadā salilaṁ phenaṁ ceti anekaśabdapratyayabhāk salilameveti caikaśabdapratyayabhākca phenaṁ bhavati, tadvat । na anyatkiñcana na kiñcidapi miṣat nimiṣadvyāpāravaditaradvā । yathā sāṅ‍khyānāmanātmapakṣapāti svatantraṁ pradhānam , yathā ca kāṇādānāmaṇavaḥ, na tadvadihānyadātmanaḥ kiñcidapi vastu vidyate । kiṁ tarhi ? ātmaivaika āsīdityabhiprāyaḥ । saḥ sarvajñasvābhāvyāt ātmā eka eva san īkṣata । nanu prāgutpatterakāryakaraṇatvātkathamīkṣitavān ? nāyaṁ doṣaḥ, sarvajñasvābhāvyāt । tathā ca mantravarṇaḥ — ‘apāṇipādo javano grahītā’ (śve. u. 3 । 29) ityādiḥ । kenābhiprāyeṇetyāha — lokān ambhaḥprabhṛtīnprāṇikarmaphalopabhogasthānabhūtān nu sṛjai sṛje'ham iti ॥

sa imāṁllokānasṛjata । ambho marīcīrmaramāpo'do'mbhaḥ pareṇa divaṁ dyauḥ pratiṣṭhāntarikṣaṁ marīcayaḥ । pṛthivī maro yā adhastāttā āpaḥ ॥ 2 ॥

evamīkṣitvā ālocya saḥ ātmā imān lokān asṛjata sṛṣṭavān । yatheha buddhimāṁstakṣādiḥ evaṁprakārānprāsādādīnsṛje itīkṣitvā īkṣānantaraṁ prāsādādīnsṛjati, tadvat । nanu sopādānastakṣādiḥ prāsādādīnsṛjatīti yuktam ; nirupādānastvātmā kathaṁ lokānsṛjatīti ? naiṣa doṣaḥ । salilaphenasthānīye ātmabhūte nāmarūpe avyākṛte ātmaikaśabdavācye vyākṛtaphenasthānīyasya jagataḥ upādānabhūte sambhavataḥ । tasmādātmabhūtanāmarūpopādānabhūtaḥ san sarvajño jagannirmimīte ityaviruddham । athavā, vijñānavānyathā māyāvī nirupādānaḥ ātmānameva ātmāntaratvena ākāśena gacchantamiva nirmimīte, tathā sarvajño devaḥ sarvaśaktirmahāmāyaḥ ātmānameva ātmāntaratvena jagadrūpeṇa nirmimīte iti yuktataram । evaṁ ca sati kāryakāraṇobhayāsadvādyādipakṣāśca na prasajjante, sunirākṛtāśca bhavanti । kān lokānasṛjatetyāha — ambho marīcīrmaramāpaḥ iti । ākāśādikrameṇa aṇḍamutpādya ambhaḥprabhṛtīn lokānasṛjata । tatra ambhaḥprabhṛtīnsvayameva vyācaṣṭe śrutiḥ । adaḥ tat ambhaḥśabdavācyo lokaḥ, pareṇa divaṁ dyulokātpareṇa parastāt , so'mbhaḥśabdavācyaḥ, ambhobharaṇāt । dyauḥ pratiṣṭhā āśrayaḥ tasyāmbhaso lokasya । dyulokādadhastāt antarikṣaṁ yat , tat marīcayaḥ । eko'pi anekasthānabhedatvādbahuvacanabhāk — marīcaya iti ; marīcibhirvā raśmibhiḥ sambandhāt । pṛthivī maraḥ — mriyante asmin bhūtānīti । yāḥ adhastāt pṛthivyāḥ, tāḥ āpaḥ ucyante, āpnoteḥ, lokāḥ । yadyapi pañcabhūtātmakatvaṁ lokānām , tathāpi abbāhulyāt abnāmabhireva ambho marīcīrmaramāpaḥ ityucyante ॥

sa īkṣateme nu lokā lokapālānnu sṛjā iti । so'dbhya eva puruṣaṁ samuddhṛtyāmūrchayat ॥ 3 ॥

sarvaprāṇikarmaphalopādānādhiṣṭhānabhūtāṁścaturo lokānsṛṣṭvā saḥ īśvaraḥ punareva īkṣata — ime nu tu ambhaḥprabhṛtayaḥ mayā sṛṣṭā lokāḥ paripālayitṛvarjitā vinaśyeyuḥ ; tasmādeṣāṁ rakṣaṇārthaṁ lokapālān lokānāṁ pālayitṝn nu sṛjai sṛje'ham iti । evamīkṣitvā saḥ adbhya eva appradhānebhya eva pañcabhūtebhyaḥ, yebhyo'mbhaḥprabhṛtīnsṛṣṭavān , tebhya evetyarthaḥ, puruṣaṁ puruṣākāraṁ śiraḥpāṇyādimantaṁ samuddhṛtya adbhyaḥ samupādāya, mṛtpiṇḍamiva kulālaḥ pṛthivyāḥ, amūrchayat mūrchitavān , sampiṇḍitavānsvāvayavasaṁyojanenetyarthaḥ ॥

tamabhyatapattasyābhitaptasya mukhaṁ nirabhidyata yathāṇḍaṁ mukhādvāgvāco'gnirnāsike nirabhidyetāṁ nāsikābhyāṁ prāṇaḥ prāṇādvāyurakṣiṇī nirabhidyetāmakṣibhyāṁ cakṣuścakṣuṣa ādityaḥ karṇau nirabhidyetāṁ karṇābhyāṁ śrotraṁ śrotrāddiśastvaṅ nirabhidyata tvaco lomāni lomabhya oṣadhivanaspatayo hṛdayaṁ nirabhidyata hṛdayānmano manasaścandramā nābhirnirabhidyata nābhyā apāno'pānānmṛtyuḥ śiśnaṁ nirabhidyata śiśnādreto retasa āpaḥ ॥ 4 ॥ iti prathamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ ॥

taṁ piṇḍaṁ puruṣavidhamuddiśya abhyatapat , tadabhidhyānaṁ saṅkalpaṁ kṛtavānityarthaḥ, ‘yasya jñānamayaṁ tapaḥ’ (mu. u. 1 । 1 । 9) ityādiśruteḥ । tasya abhitaptasya īśvarasaṅkalpena tapasābhitaptasya piṇḍasya mukhaṁ nirabhidyata mukhākāraṁ suṣiramajāyata ; yathā pakṣiṇaḥ aṇḍaṁ nirbhidyate evam । tasmācca nirbhiṇṇāt mukhāt vāk karaṇamindriyaṁ niravartata ; tadadhiṣṭhātā agniḥ, tato vācaḥ, lokapālaḥ । tathā nāsike nirabhidyetām । nāsikābhyāṁ prāṇaḥ, prāṇādvāyuḥ ; iti sarvatrādhiṣṭhānaṁ karaṇaṁ devatā ca — trayaṁ krameṇa nirbhiṇṇamiti । akṣiṇī, karṇau, tvak , hṛdayamantaḥkaraṇādhiṣṭhānam , manaḥ antaḥkaraṇam ; nābhiḥ sarvaprāṇabandhanasthānam । apānasaṁyuktatvāt apāna iti pāyvindriyamucyate ; tasmāt tasyādhiṣṭhātrī devatā mṛtyuḥ । yathā anyatra, tathā śiśnaṁ nirabhidyata prajananendriyasthānam । indriyaṁ retaḥ retovisargārthatvātsaha retasocyate । retasa āpaḥ iti ॥

iti prathamakhaṇḍabhāṣyam ॥

tā etā devatāḥ sṛṣṭā asminmahatyarṇave prāpataṁstamaśanāyāpipāsābhyāmanvavārjattā enamabruvannāyatanaṁ naḥ prajānīhi yasminpratiṣṭhitā annamadāmeti ॥ 1 ॥

tā etā agnyādayo devatāḥ lokapālatvena saṅkalpya sṛṣṭā īśvareṇa asmin saṁsārārṇave saṁsārasamudre mahati avidyākāmakarmaprabhavaduḥkhodake tīvrarogajarāmṛtyumahāgrāhe anādau anante apāre nirālambe viṣayendriyajanitasukhalavalakṣaṇaviśrāme pañcendriyārthatṛṇmārutavikṣobhotthitānarthaśatamahormau mahārauravādyanekanirayagatahāhetyādikūjitākrośanodbhūtamahārave satyārjavadānadayā'hiṁsāśamadamadhṛtyādyātmaguṇapātheyapūrṇajñānoḍupe satsaṅgasarvatyāgamārge mokṣatīre etasmin mahatyarṇave prāpatan patitavatyaḥ । tasmādagnyādidevatāpyayalakṣaṇāpi yā gatirvyākhyātā jñānakarmasamuccayānuṣṭhānaphalabhūtā, sāpi nālaṁ saṁsāraduḥkhopaśamāyetyayaṁ vivakṣito'rtho'tra । yata evam , tasmādevaṁ viditvā, paraṁ brahma, ātmā ātmanaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ ca, yo vakṣyamāṇaviśeṣaṇaḥ prakṛtaśca jagadutpattisthitisaṁhārahetutvena, sa sarvasaṁsāraduḥkhopaśamanāya veditavyaḥ । tasmāt ‘eṣa panthā etatkarmaitadbrahmaitatsatyam’ (ai. u. 2 । 1 । 1) yadetatparabrahmātmajñānam , ‘nānyaḥ panthā vidyate'yanāya’ (śve. u. 3 । 8)(śve. u. 6 । 15) iti mantravarṇāt । taṁ sthānakaraṇadevatotpattibījabhūtaṁ puruṣaṁ prathamotpāditaṁ piṇḍamātmānam aśanāyāpipāsābhyām anvavārjat anugamitavān saṁyojitavānityarthaḥ । tasya kāraṇabhūtasya aśanāyādidoṣavattvāt tatkāryabhūtānāmapi devatānāmaśanāyādimattvam । tāḥ tataḥ aśanāyāpipāsābhyāṁ pīḍyamānāḥ enaṁ pitāmahaṁ sraṣṭāram abruvan uktavatyaḥ । āyatanam adhiṣṭhānaṁ naḥ asmabhyaṁ prajānīhi vidhatsva, yasmin āyatane pratiṣṭhitāḥ samarthāḥ satyaḥ annam adāma bhakṣayāma iti ॥

tābhyo gāmānayattā abruvanna vai no'yamalamiti । tābhyo'śvamānayattā abruvanna vai no'yamalamiti ॥ 2 ॥

evamukta īśvaraḥ tābhyaḥ devatābhyaḥ gāṁ gavākṛtiviśiṣṭaṁ piṇḍaṁ tābhya evādbhyaḥ pūrvavatpiṇḍaṁ samuddhṛtya mūrchayitvā ānayat darśitavān । tāḥ punaḥ gavākṛtiṁ dṛṣṭvā abruvan । na vai naḥ asmadartham adhiṣṭhāya annamattum ayaṁ piṇḍaḥ alaṁ na vai । alaṁ paryāptaḥ । attuṁ na yogya ityarthaḥ । gavi pratyākhyāte tathaiva tābhyaḥ aśvam ānayat । tā abruvan — na vai no'yamalamiti, pūrvavat ॥

tābhyaḥ puruṣamānayattā abruvansu kṛtaṁ bateti puruṣo vāva sukṛtam । tā abravīdyathāyatanaṁ praviśateti ॥ 3 ॥

sarvapratyākhyāne tābhyaḥ puruṣamānayat svayonibhūtam । tāḥ svayoniṁ puruṣaṁ dṛṣṭvā akhinnāḥ satyaḥ su kṛtaṁ śobhanaṁ kṛtam idamadhiṣṭhānaṁ bata iti abruvan । tasmātpuruṣo vāva puruṣa eva sukṛtam , sarvapuṇyakarmahetutvāt ; svayaṁ vā svenaivātmanā svamāyābhiḥ kṛtatvātsukṛtamityucyate । tāḥ devatāḥ īśvaraḥ abravīt iṣṭamāsāmidamadhiṣṭhānamiti matvā — sarve hi svayoniṣu ramante ; ataḥ yathāyatanaṁ yasya yat vadanādikriyāyogyamāyatanam , tat praviśata iti ॥

agnirvāgbhūtvā mukhaṁ prāviśadvāyuḥ prāṇo bhūtvā nāsike prāviśadādityaścakṣurbhūtvākṣiṇī prāviśaddiśaḥ śrotraṁ bhūtvā karṇau prāviśannoṣadhivanaspatayo lomāni bhūtvā tvacaṁ prāviśaṁścandramā mano bhūtvā hṛdayaṁ prāviśanmṛtyurapāno bhūtvā nābhiṁ prāviśadāpo reto bhūtvā śiśnaṁ prāviśan ॥ 4 ॥

tathāstvityanujñāṁ pratilabhyeśvarasya nagaryāmiva balādhikṛtādayaḥ agniḥ vāgabhimānī vāgeva bhūtvā svayoniṁ mukhaṁ prāviśat tathoktārthamanyat । vāyurnāsike, ādityo'kṣiṇī, diśaḥ karṇau, oṣadhivanaspatayastvacam , candramā hṛdayam , mṛtyurnābhim , āpaḥ śiśnam , prāviśan ॥

tamaśanāyāpipāse abrūtāmāvābhyāmabhiprajānīhīti । te abravīdetāsveva vāṁ devatāsvābhajāmyetāsu bhāginyau karomīti । tasmādyasyai kasyai ca devatāyai havirgṛhyate bhāginyāvevāsyāmaśanāyāpipāse bhavataḥ ॥ 5 ॥

evaṁ labdhādhiṣṭhānāsu devatāsu niradhiṣṭhāne satyau aśanāyāpipāse tam īśvaram abrūtām uktavatyau — āvābhyām adhiṣṭhānam abhiprajānīhi cintaya vidhatsvetyarthaḥ । sa īśvara evamuktaḥ te aśanāyāpipāse abravīt । na hi yuvayorbhāvarūpatvāccetanāvadvastvanāśritya annāttṛtvaṁ sambhavati । tasmāt etāsveva agnyādyāsu vāṁ yuvāṁ devatāsu adhyātmādhidevatāsu ābhajāmi vṛttisaṁvibhāgenānugṛhṇāmi । etāsu bhāginyau yaddevatyo yo bhāgo havirādilakṣaṇaḥ syāt , tasyāstenaiva bhāgena bhāginyau bhāgavatyau vāṁ karomīti । sṛṣṭyādāvīśvara evaṁ vyadadhādyasmāt , tasmāt idānīmapi yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai devatāyā arthāya havirgṛhyate carupuroḍāśādilakṣaṇaṁ bhāginyau eva bhāgavatyāveva asyāṁ devatāyām aśanāyāpipāse bhavataḥ ॥

iti dvitīyakhaṇḍabhāṣyam ॥

sa īkṣateme nu lokāśca lokapālāścānnamebhyaḥ sṛjā iti ॥ 1 ॥

saḥ evamīśvaraḥ īkṣata । katham ? ime nu lokāśca lokapālāśca mayā sṛṣṭāḥ, aśanāyāpipāsābhyāṁ ca saṁyojitāḥ । ato naiṣāṁ sthitirannamantareṇa । tasmāt annam ebhyaḥ lokapālebhyaḥ sṛjai sṛje iti । evaṁ hi loke īśvarāṇāmanugrahe nigrahe ca svātantryaṁ dṛṣṭaṁ sveṣu । tadvanmaheśvarasyāpi sarveśvaratvātsarvānprati nigrahe anugrahe ca svātantryameva ॥

so'po'bhyatapattābhyo'bhitaptābhyo mūrtirajāyata । yā vai sā mūrtirajāyatānnaṁ vai tat ॥ 2 ॥

saḥ īśvaraḥ annaṁ sisṛkṣuḥ tā eva pūrvoktā apaḥ uddiśya abhyatapat । tābhyaḥ abhitaptābhyaḥ upādānabhūtābhyaḥ mūrtiḥ ghanarūpaṁ dhāraṇasamarthaṁ carācaralakṣaṇam ajāyata utpannam । annaṁ vai tat mūrtirūpaṁ yā vai sā mūrtirajāyata ॥

tadenadabhisṛṣṭaṁ parāṅatyajighāṁsattadvācājighṛkṣattannāśaknodvācā grahītum । sa yaddhainadvācāgrahaiṣyadabhivyāhṛtya haivānnamatrapsyat ॥ 3 ॥

tatprāṇenājighṛkṣattannāśaknotprāṇena grahītum । sa yaddhainatprāṇenāgrahaiṣyadabhiprāṇya haivānnamatrapsyat ॥ 4 ॥

taccakṣuṣājighṛkṣattannāśaknoccakṣuṣā grahītum । sa yaddhainaccakṣuṣāgrahaiṣyaddṛṣṭvā haivānnamatrapsyat ॥ 5 ॥

tacchrotreṇājighṛkṣattannāśaknocchrotreṇa grahītum । sa yaddhainacchrotreṇāgrahaiṣyacchrutvā haivānnamatrapsyat ॥ 6 ॥

tattvacājighṛkṣattannāśaknottvacā grahītum । sa yaddhainattvacāgrahaiṣyatspṛṣṭvā haivānnamatrapsyat ॥ 7 ॥

tanmanasājighṛkṣattannāśaknonmanasā grahītum । sa yaddhainanmanasāgrahaiṣyaddhyātvā haivānnamatrapsyat ॥ 8 ॥

tacchiśnenājighṛkṣattannāśaknocchiśnena grahītum । sa yaddhainacchiśnenāgrahaiṣyadvisṛjya haivānnamatrapsyat ॥ 9 ॥

tadapānenājighṛkṣattadāvayat । saiṣo'nnasya graho yadvāyurannāyurvā eṣa yadvāyuḥ ॥ 10 ॥

tadenat annaṁ lokalokapālānnārthyabhimukhe sṛṣṭaṁ sat , yathā mūṣakādirmārjārādigocare san , mama mṛtyurannāda iti matvā parāgañcatīti parāṅ parāksat attṝn atītya ajighāṁsat atigantumaicchat , palāyituṁ prārabhatetyarthaḥ । tamannābhiprāyaṁ matvā sa lokalokapālasaṅghātakāryakaraṇalakṣaṇaḥ piṇḍaḥ prathamajatvādanyāṁścānnādānapaśyan , tat annaṁ vācā vadanavyāpāreṇa ajighṛkṣat grahītumaicchat । tat annaṁ nāśaknot na samartho'bhavat vācā vadanakriyayā grahītum upādātum । saḥ prathamajaḥ śarīrī yat yadi ha enat vācā agrahaiṣyat gṛhītavānsyāt annam , sarvo'pi lokaḥ tatkāryabhūtatvāt abhivyāhṛtya haiva annam atrapsyat tṛpto'bhaviṣyat । na caitadasti । ato nāśaknodvācā grahītumityavagacchāmaḥ pūrvajo'pi । samānamuttaram । tatprāṇena taccakṣuṣā tacchrotreṇa tattvacā tanmanasā tacchiśnena tena tena karaṇavyāpāreṇa annaṁ grahītumaśaknuvanpaścāt apānena vāyunā mukhacchidreṇa tat annam ajighṛkṣat , tadāvayat tadannamevaṁ jagrāha aśitavān । tena sa eṣaḥ apānavāyuḥ annasya grahaḥ annagrāhaka ityetat । yadvāyuḥ yo vāyurannāyuḥ annabandhano'nnajīvano vai prasiddhaḥ, sa eṣa yo vāyuḥ ॥

sa īkṣata kathaṁ nvidaṁ madṛte syāditi sa īkṣata katareṇa prapadyā iti sa īkṣata yadi vācābhivyāhṛtaṁ yadi prāṇenābhiprāṇitaṁ yadi cakṣuṣā dṛṣṭaṁ yadi śrotreṇa śrutaṁ yadi tvacā spṛṣṭaṁ yadi manasā dhyātaṁ yadyapānenābhyapānitaṁ yadi śiśnena visṛṣṭamatha ko'hamiti ॥ 11 ॥

saḥ evaṁ lokalokapālasaṅghātasthitim annanimittāṁ kṛtvā purapauratatpālayitṛsthitisamāṁ svāmīva īkṣata — kathaṁ nu kena prakāreṇa nu iti vitarkayan , idaṁ mat ṛte māmantareṇa purasvāminam ; yadidaṁ kāryakaraṇasaṅghātakāryaṁ vakṣyamāṇaṁ kathaṁ nu khalu māmantareṇa syāt parārthaṁ sat । yadi vācābhivyāhṛtamityādi kevalameva vāgvyavaharaṇādi, tannirarthakaṁ na kathañcana bhavet balistutyādivat । paurabandyādibhiḥ prayujyamānaṁ svāmyarthaṁ satsvāminamantareṇa asatyeva svāmini, tadvat । tasmānmayā pareṇa svāminā adhiṣṭhātrā kṛtākṛtaphalasākṣibhūtena bhoktrā bhavitavyaṁ purasyeva rājñā । yadi nāmaitatsaṁhatakāryasya parārthatvam , parārthinaṁ māṁ cetanaṁ trātāramantareṇa bhavet , purapaurakāryamiva tatsvāminam । atha ko'haṁ kiṁsvarūpaḥ kasya vā svāmī ? yadyahaṁ kāryakaraṇasaṅghātamanupraviśya vāgādyabhivyāhṛtādiphalaṁ nopalabheya rājeva puramāviśyādhikṛtapuruṣakṛtākṛtādilakṣaṇam , na kaścinmām ayaṁ san evaṁrūpaśca ityadhigacchedvicārayet । viparyaye tu, yo'yaṁ vāgādyabhivyāhṛtādīdamiti veda, sa san vedanarūpaśca ityadhigantavyo'haṁ syām , yadarthamidaṁ saṁhatānāṁ vāgādīnāmabhivyāhṛtādi । yathā stambhakuḍyādīnāṁ prāsādādisaṁhatānāṁ svāvayavairasaṁhataparārthatvam , tadvaditi । evamīkṣitvā ataḥ katareṇa prapadyā iti । prapadaṁ ca mūrdhā ca asya saṅghātasya praveśamārgau ; anayoḥ katareṇa mārgeṇedaṁ kāryakaraṇasaṅghātalakṣaṇaṁ puraṁ prapadyai prapadye iti ॥

sa etameva sīmānaṁ vidāryaitayā dvārā prāpadyata । saiṣā vidṛtirnāma dvāstadetannāndanam । tasya traya āvasathāstrayaḥ svapnā ayamāvasatho'yamāvasatho'yamāvasatha iti ॥ 12 ॥

evamīkṣitvā na tāvanmadbhṛtyasya prāṇasya mama sarvārthādhikṛtasya praveśamārgeṇa prapadābhyāmadhaḥ prapadye । kiṁ tarhi, pāriśeṣyādasya mūrdhānaṁ vidārya prapadye iti loka iva īkṣitakārī ya sraṣṭeśvaraḥ, sa etameva mūrdhasīmānaṁ keśavibhāgāvasānaṁ vidārya cchidraṁ kṛtvā etayā dvārā mārgeṇa imaṁ kāryakāraṇasaṅghātaṁ prāpadyata praviveśa । seyaṁ hi prasiddhā dvāḥ, mūrdhni tailādidhāraṇakāle antastadrasādisaṁvedanāt । saiṣā vidṛtiḥ vidāritatvādvidṛtirnāma prasiddhā dvāḥ । itarāṇi tu śrotrādidvārāṇi bhṛtyādisthānīyasādhāraṇamārgatvānna samṛddhīni nānandahetūni । idaṁ tu dvāraṁ parameśvarasyaiva kevalasyeti । tadetat nāndanaṁ nandanameva । nāndanamiti dairghyaṁ chāndasam । nandatyanena dvāreṇa gatvā parasminbrahmaṇīti । tasyaivaṁ sṛṣṭvā praviṣṭasyānena jīvenātmanā rājña iva puram , traya āvasathāḥ — jāgaritakāle indriyasthānaṁ dakṣiṇaṁ cakṣuḥ, svapnakāle antarmanaḥ, suṣuptikāle hṛdayākāśa ityete ; vakṣyamāṇā vā traya āvasathāḥ — pitṛśarīraṁ mātṛgarbhāśayaḥ svaṁ ca śarīramiti । trayaḥ svapnā jāgratsvapnasuṣuptyākhyāḥ । nanu jāgaritaṁ prabodharūpatvānna svapnaḥ । naivam ; svapna eva । katham ? paramārthasvātmaprabodhābhāvāt svapnavadasadvastudarśanācca । ayameva āvasathaścakṣurdakṣiṇaṁ prathamaḥ । mano'ntaraṁ dvitīyaḥ । hṛdayākāśastṛtīyaḥ । ayamāvasathaḥ ityuktānukīrtanameva । teṣu hyayamāvasatheṣu paryāyeṇātmabhāvena vartamāno'vidyayā dīrghakālaṁ gāḍhaṁ prasuptaḥ svābhāvikyā, na prabudhyate'nekaśatasahasrānarthasaṁnipādajaduḥkhamudgarābhighātānubhavairapi ॥

sa jāto bhūtānyabhivyaikhyatkimihānyaṁ vāvadiṣaditi । sa etameva puruṣaṁ brahma tatamamapaśyadidamadarśamitī3 ॥ 13 ॥

sa jātaḥ śarīre praviṣṭo jīvātmanā bhūtāni abhivyaikhyat vyākarot । sa kadācitparamakāruṇikena ācāryeṇātmajñānaprabodhakṛcchabdikāyāṁ vedāntamahābheryāṁ tatkarṇamūle tāḍyamānāyām , etameva sṛṣṭyādikartṛtvena prakṛtaṁ puruṣaṁ puri śayānamātmānaṁ brahma bṛhat tatamaṁ takāreṇaikena luptena tatatamaṁ vyāptatamaṁ paripūrṇamākāśavat pratyabudhyata apaśyat । katham ? idaṁ brahma mama ātmanaḥ svarūpamadarśaṁ dṛṣṭavānasmi । aho iti । vicāraṇārthā plutiḥ pūrvam ॥

tasmādidandro nāmedandro ha vai nāma tamidandraṁ santamindra ityācakṣate parokṣeṇa । parokṣapriyā iva hi devāḥ parokṣapriyā iva hi devāḥ ॥ 14 ॥ iti tṛtīyaḥ khaṇḍaḥ ॥

yasmādidamityeva yatsākṣādaparokṣādbrahma sarvāntaramapaśyat na parokṣeṇa, tasmāt idaṁ paśyatīti idandro nāma paramātmā । idandro ha vai nāma prasiddho loke īśvaraḥ । tam evam idandraṁ santam indra iti parokṣeṇa parokṣābhidhānena ācakṣate brahmavidaḥ saṁvyavahārārthaṁ pūjyatamatvātpratyakṣanāmagrahaṇabhayāt । tathā hi parokṣapriyāḥ parokṣanāmagrahaṇapriyā iva eva hi yasmāt devāḥ । kimuta sarvadevānāmapi devo maheśvaraḥ । dvirvacanaṁ prakṛtādhyāyaparisamāptyartham ॥

iti śrīmatparamahaṁsaparivrājakācāryasya śrīgovindabhagavatpūjyapādaśiṣyasya śrīmacchaṅkarabhagavataḥ kṛtau aitareyopaniṣadbhāṣye prathamo'dhyāyaḥ ॥

iti tṛtīyakhaṇḍabhāṣyam ॥

asminnadhyāye eṣa vākyārthaḥ — jagadutpattisthitipralayakṛdasaṁsārī sarvajñaḥ sarvaśaktiḥ sarvavitsarvamidaṁ jagatsvato'nyadvastvantaramanupādāyaiva ākāśādikrameṇa sṛṣṭvā svātmaprabodhanārthaṁ sarvāṇi ca prāṇādimaccharīrāṇi svayaṁ praviveśa ; praviśya ca svamātmānaṁ yathābhūtamidaṁ brahmāsmīti sākṣātpratyabudhyata ; tasmātsa eva sarvaśarīreṣveka evātmā, nānya iti । anyo'pi ‘sa ma ātmā brahmāsmītyevaṁ vidyāt’ iti ‘ātmā vā idameka evāgra āsīt’ (ai. u. 1 । 1 । 1) ‘brahma tatamam’ (ai. u. 1 । 3 । 13) iti coktam । anyatra ca sarvagatasya sarvātmano vālāgramātramapyapraviṣṭaṁ nāstīti kathaṁ sīmānaṁ vidārya prāpadyata pipīlikeva suṣiram ? nanvatyalpamidaṁ codyam । bahu cātra codayitavyam । akaraṇaḥ sannīkṣata । anupādāya kiñcillokānasṛjata । adbhyaḥ puruṣaṁ samuddhṛtyāmūrchayat । tasyābhidhyānānmukhādi nirbhinnaṁ mukhādibhyaścāgnyādayo lokapālāḥ । teṣāṁ cāśanāyādisaṁyojanaṁ tadāyatanaprārthanaṁ tadarthaṁ gavādipradarśanaṁ teṣāṁ ca yathāyatanapraveśanaṁ sṛṣṭasyānnasya palāyanaṁ vāgādibhistajjighṛkṣeti । etatsarvaṁ sīmāvidāraṇapraveśasamameva ॥

astu tarhi sarvamevedamanupapannam । na, atrātmāvavodhamātrasya vivakṣitatvātsarvo'yamarthavāda ityadoṣaḥ । māyāvivadvā ; mahāmāyāvī devaḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvaśaktiḥ sarvametaccakāra sukhāvabodhapratipattyarthaṁ lokavadākhyāyikādiprapañca iti yuktataraḥ pakṣaḥ । na hi sṛṣṭyākhyāyikādiparijñānātkiñcitphalamiṣyate । aikātmyasvarūpaparijñānāttu amṛtatvaṁ phalaṁ sarvopaniṣatprasiddham । smṛtiṣu ca gītādyāsu ‘samaṁ sarveṣu bhūteṣu tiṣṭhantaṁ parameśvaram’ (bha. gī. 13 । 27) ityādinā । nanu traya ātmāno bhoktā kartā saṁsārī jīva ekaḥ sarvalokaśāstraprasiddhaḥ । anekaprāṇikarmaphalopabhogayogyānekādhiṣṭhānavallokadehanirmāṇena liṅgena yathāśāstrapradarśitena puraprāsādādinirmāṇaliṅgena tadviṣayakauśalajñānavāṁstatkartā takṣādiriva īśvaraḥ sarvajño jagataḥ kartā dvitīyaścetana ātmā avagamyate । ‘yato vāco nivartante’ (tai. u. 2 । 4 । 1) ‘neti neti’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 9 । 26) ityādiśāstraprasiddha aupaniṣadaḥ puruṣastṛtīyaḥ । evamete traya ātmāno'nyonyavilakṣaṇāḥ । tatra kathameka evātmā advitīyaḥ asaṁsārīti jñātuṁ śakyate ? tatra jīva eva tāvatkathaṁ jñāyate ? nanvevaṁ jñāyate śrotā mantā draṣṭā ādeṣṭāghoṣṭā vijñātā prajñāteti । nanu vipratiṣiddhaṁ jñāyate yaḥ śravaṇādikartṛtvena amato mantā avijñāto vijñātā iti ca । tathā ‘na matermantāraṁ manvīthā na vijñātervijñātāraṁ vijānīyāḥ’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 4 । 2) ityādi ca । satyaṁ vipratiṣiddham , yadi pratyakṣeṇa jñāyeta sukhādivat । pratyakṣajñānaṁ ca nivāryate ‘na matermantāram’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 4 । 2) ityādinā । jñāyate tu śravaṇādiliṅgena ; tatra kuto vipratiṣedhaḥ ? nanu śravaṇādiliṅgenāpi kathaṁ jñāyate, yāvatā yadā śṛṇotyātmā śrotavyaṁ śabdam , tadā tasya śravaṇakriyayaiva vartamānatvānmananavijñānakriye na sambhavata ātmani paratra vā । tathā anyatrāpi mananādikriyāsu । śravaṇādikriyāśca svaviṣayeṣveva । na hi mantavyādanyatra mantuḥ mananakriyā sambhavati । nanu manasaḥ sarvameva mantavyam । satyamevam ; tathāpi sarvamapi mantavyaṁ mantāramantareṇa na mantuṁ śakyam । yadyevaṁ kiṁ syāt ? idamatra syāt — sarvasya yo'yaṁ mantā, sa mantaiveti na sa mantavyaḥ syāt । na ca dvitīyo manturmantāsti । yadā sa ātmanaiva mantavyaḥ, tadā yena ca mantavya ātmā ātmanā, yaśca mantavya ātmā, tau dvau prasajyeyātām । eka eva ātmā dvidhā mantṛmantavyatvena dviśakalībhavedvaṁśādivat , ubhayathāpyanupapattireva । yathā pradīpayoḥ prakāśyaprakāśakatvānupapattiḥ, samatvāt , tadvat । na ca manturmantavye mananavyāpāraśūnyaḥ kāle'styātmamananāya । yadāpi liṅgenātmānaṁ manute mantā, tadāpi pūrvavadeva liṅgena mantavya ātmā, yaśca tasya mantā, tau dvau prasajyeyātām ; eka eva vā dvidheti pūrvokto doṣaḥ । na pratyakṣeṇa, nāpyanumānena jñāyate cet , kathamucyate ‘sa ma ātmeti vidyāt’ (kau. u. 3 । 9) iti, kathaṁ vā śrotā mantetyādi ? nanu śrotṛtvādidharmavānātmā, aśrotṛtvādi ca prasiddhamātmanaḥ ; kimatra viṣamaṁ paśyasi ? yadyapi tava na viṣamam ; tathāpi mama tu viṣamaṁ pratibhāti । katham ? yadāsau śrotā, tadā na mantā ; yadā mantā, tadā na śrotā । tatraivaṁ sati, pakṣe śrotā mantā, pakṣe na śrotā nāpi mantā । tathā anyatrāpi ca । yadaivam , tadā śrotṛtvādidharmavānātmā aśrotṛtvādidharmavānveti saṁśayasthāne kathaṁ tava na vaiṣamyam ? yadā devadatto gacchati, tadā na sthātā, gantaiva । yadā tiṣṭhati, na gantā, sthātaiva ; tadāsya pakṣa eva gantṛtvaṁ sthātṛtvaṁ ca, na nityaṁ gantṛtvaṁ sthātṛtvaṁ vā, tadvat । tathaivātra kāṇādādayaḥ paśyanti । pakṣaprāptenaiva śrotṛtvādinā ātmocyate śrotā mantetyādivacanāt । saṁyogajatvamayaugapadyaṁ ca jñānasya hyācakṣate । darśayanti ca anyatramanā abhūvaṁ nādarśam ityādi yugapajjñānānutpattirmanaso liṅgamiti ca nyāyyam । bhavatvevaṁ kiṁ tava naṣṭaṁ yadyevaṁ syāt ? astvevaṁ taveṣṭaṁ cet ; śrutyarthastu na sambhavati । kiṁ na śrotā mantetyādiśrutyarthaḥ ? na, na śrotā na mantetyādivacanāt । nanu pākṣikatvena pratyuktaṁ tvayā ; na, nityameva śrotṛtvādyabhyupagamāt , ‘na hi śrotuḥ śruterviparilopo vidyate’ (bṛ. u. 4 । 3 । 27) ityādiśruteḥ । evaṁ tarhi nityameva śrotṛtvādyabhyupagame, pratyakṣaviruddhā yugapajjñānotpattiḥ ajñānābhāvaścātmanaḥ kalpitaḥ syāt । taccāniṣṭamiti । nobhayadoṣopapattiḥ, ātmanaḥ śrutyādiśrotṛtvādidharmavattvaśruteḥ । anityānāṁ mūrtānāṁ ca cakṣurādīnāṁ dṛṣṭyādyanityameva saṁyogaviyogadharmiṇām । yathā agnerjvalanaṁ tṛṇādisaṁyogajatvāt , tadvat । na tu nityasyāmūrtasyāsaṁyogavibhāgadharmiṇaḥ saṁyogajadṛṣṭyādyanityadharmavattvaṁ sambhavati । tathā ca śrutiḥ ‘na hi draṣṭurdṛṣṭerviparilopo vidyate’ (bṛ. u. 4 । 3 । 23) ityādyā । evaṁ tarhi dve dṛṣṭī cakṣuṣo'nityā dṛṣṭiḥ, nityā cātmanaḥ । tathā ca dve śrutī śrotrasyānityā, nityā cātmasvarūpasya । tathā dve matī vijñātī bāhyābāhye । evaṁ hyeva ceyaṁ śrutirupapannā bhavati — ‘dṛṣṭerdraṣṭā śruteḥ śrotā’ ityādyā । loke'pi prasiddhaṁ cakṣuṣastimirāgamāpāyayoḥ naṣṭā dṛṣṭiḥ jātā dṛṣṭiḥ iti cakṣurdṛṣṭeranityatvam । tathā ca śrutimatyādīnāmātmadṛṣṭyādīnāṁ ca nityatvaṁ prasiddhameva loke । vadati hyuddhṛtacakṣuḥ svapne'dya mayā bhrātā dṛṣṭa iti । tathā avagatabādhiryaḥ svapne śruto mantro'dyetyādi । yadi cakṣuḥsaṁyogajaivātmano nityā dṛṣṭistannāśe naśyet , tadā uddhṛtacakṣuḥ svapne nīlapītādi na paśyet । ‘na hi draṣṭurdṛṣṭeḥ’ (bṛ. u. 4 । 3 । 23) ityādyā ca śrutiḥ anupapannā syāt । ‘taccakṣuḥ puruṣe yena svapnaṁ paśyati’ ityādyā ca śrutiḥ । nityā ātmano dṛṣṭirbāhyānityadṛṣṭergrāhikā । bāhyadṛṣṭeśca upajanāpāyādyanityadharmavattvāt grāhikāyā ātmadṛṣṭestadvadavabhāsatvamanityatvādi bhrāntinimittaṁ lokasyeti yuktam । yathā bhramaṇādidharmavadalātādivastuviṣayadṛṣṭirapi bhramatīva, tadvat । tathā ca śrutiḥ ‘dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva’ (bṛ. u. 4 । 3 । 7) iti । tasmādātmadṛṣṭernityatvānna yaugapadyamayaugapadyaṁ vā asti । bāhyānityadṛṣṭyupādhivaśāttu lokasya tārkikāṇāṁ ca āgamasampradāyavarjitatvāt anityā ātmano dṛṣṭiriti bhrāntirupapannaiva । jīveśvaraparamātmabhedakalpanā ca etannimittaiva । tathā asti, nāsti, ityādyāśca yāvanto vāṅmanasayorbhedā yatraikaṁ bhavanti, tadviṣayāyā nityāyā dṛṣṭernirviśeṣāyāḥ । asti nāsti, ekaṁ nānā, guṇavadaguṇam , jānāti na jānāti, kriyāvadakriyam , phalavadaphalam , sabījaṁ nirbījam , sukhaṁ duḥkham , madhyamamadhyam , śūnyamaśūnyam , paro'hamanyaḥ, iti vā sarvavākpratyayāgocare svarūpe yo vikalpayitumicchati, sa nūnaṁ khamapi carmavadveṣṭayitumicchati, sopānamiva ca padbhyāmāroḍhum ; jale khe ca mīnānāṁ vayasāṁ ca padaṁ didṛkṣate ; ‘neti neti’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 9 । 26) ‘yato vāco nivartante’ (tai. u. 2 । 4 । 1) ityādiśrutibhyaḥ, ‘ko addhā veda’ (ṛ. saṁ. 1 । 30 । 6) ityādimantravarṇāt ॥

kathaṁ tarhi tasya sa ma ātmeti vedanam ; brūhi kena prakāreṇa tamahaṁ sa ma ātmeti vidyām । atrākhyāyikāmācakṣate — kaścitkila manuṣyo mugdhaḥ kaiściduktaḥ kasmiṁścidaparādhe sati dhiktvāṁ nāsi manuṣya iti । sa mugdhatayā ātmano manuṣyatvaṁ pratyāyayituṁ kañcidupetyāha — bravītu bhavānko'hamasmīti । sa tasya mugdhatāṁ jñātvā āha — krameṇa bodhayiṣyāmīti । sthāvarādyātmabhāvamapohya na tvamamanuṣya ityuktvopararāma । sa taṁ mugdhaḥ pratyāha — bhavānmāṁ bodhayituṁ pravṛttastūṣṇīṁ babhūva, kiṁ na bodhayatīti । tādṛgeva tadbhavato vacanam । nāsyamanuṣya ityukte'pi manuṣyatvamātmano na pratipadyate yaḥ, sa kathaṁ manuṣyo'sītyukto'pi manuṣyatvamātmanaḥ pratipadyeta ? tasmādyathāśāstropadeśa evātmāvabodhavidhiḥ, nānyaḥ । na hyagnerdāhyaṁ tṛṇādi anyena kenaciddagdhuṁ śakyam । ata eva śāstramātmasvarūpaṁ bodhayituṁ pravṛttaṁ sat amanuṣyatvapratiṣedheneva ‘neti neti’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 9 । 26) ityuktvopararāma । tathā ‘anantaramabāhyam’ (bṛ. u. 2 । 5 । 19)(bṛ. u. 3 । 8 । 8) ‘ayamātmā brahma sarvānubhūḥ’ (bṛ. u. 2 । 5 । 19) ityanuśāsanam ; ‘tattvamasi’ (chā. u. 6 । 8 । 7) ‘yatra tvasya sarvamātmaivābhūttatkena kaṁ paśyet’ (bṛ. u. 2 । 4 । 14)(bṛ. u. 4 । 5 । 15) ityevamādyapi ca । yāvadayameva yathoktamimamātmānaṁ na vetti, tāvadayaṁ brāhmānityadṛṣṭilakṣaṇamupādhimātmatvenopetya avidyayā upādhidharmānātmano manyamāno brahmādistambaparyanteṣu sthāneṣu punaḥ punarāvartamānaḥ avidyākāmakarmavaśātsaṁsarati । sa evaṁ saṁsaran upāttadehendriyasaṅghātaṁ tyajati । tyaktvā anyamupādatte । punaḥ punarevameva nadīsrotovajjanmamaraṇaprabandhāvicchedena vartamānaḥ kābhiravasthābhirvartate ityetamarthaṁ darśayantyāha śrutiḥ vairāgyahetoḥ —

puruṣe ha vā ayamādito garbho bhavati । yadetadretastadetatsarvebhyo'ṅgebhyastejaḥ sambhūtamātmanyevātmānaṁ bibharti tadyathā striyāṁ siñcatyathainajjanayati tadasya prathamaṁ janma ॥ 1 ॥

ayamevāvidyākāmakarmābhimānavān yajñādikarma kṛtvā asmāllokāddhūmādikrameṇa candramasaṁ prāpya kṣīṇakarmā vṛṣṭyādikrameṇa imaṁ lokaṁ prāpya annabhūtaḥ puruṣāgnau hutaḥ । tasminpuruṣe ha vai ayaṁ saṁsārī rasādikrameṇa āditaḥ prathamataḥ retorūpeṇa garbho bhavatīti etadāha — yadetatpuruṣe retaḥ, tena rūpeṇeti । tacca etat retaḥ annamayasya piṇḍasya sarvebhyaḥ aṅgebhyaḥ avayavebhyo rasādilakṣaṇebhyaḥ tejaḥ sārarūpaṁ śarīrasya sambhūtaṁ pariniṣpannaṁ tat puruṣasya ātmabhūtatvādātmā, tamātmānaṁ retorūpeṇa garbhībhūtam ātmanyeva svaśarīra eva ātmānaṁ bibharti dhārayati । tat retaḥ striyāṁ siñcati yadā, yadā yasminkāle bhāryā ṛtumatī tasyāṁ yoṣāgnau striyāṁ siñcati upagacchan , atha tadā enat etadretaḥ ātmano garbharūpaṁ janayati pitā । tat asya puruṣasya sthānānnirgamanaṁ retaḥsekakāle retorūpeṇa asya saṁsāriṇaḥ prathamaṁ janma prathamāvasthābhivyaktiḥ । tadetaduktaṁ purastāt ‘asāvātmā amumātmānam’ ityādinā ॥

tatstriyā ātmabhūyaṁ gacchati yathā svamaṅgaṁ tathā । tasmādenāṁ na hinasti sāsyaitamātmānamatra gataṁ bhāvayati ॥ 2 ॥

tat retaḥ yasyāṁ striyāṁ siktaṁ sattasyāḥ striyāḥ ātmabhūyam ātmāvyatirekatāṁ yathā pituḥ evaṁ gacchati prāpnoti yathā svamaṅgaṁ stanādi, tathā tadvadeva । tasmāddhetoḥ enāṁ mātaraṁ sa garbho na hinasti piṭakādivat । yasmātstanādi svāṅgavadātmabhūyaṁ gatam , tasmānna hinasti na bādhata ityarthaḥ । sā antarvatnī etam asya bharturātmānam atra ātmana udare gataṁ praviṣṭaṁ buddhvā bhāvayati vardhayati paripālayati garbhaviruddhāśanādiparihāram anukūlāśanādyupayogaṁ ca kurvatī ॥

sā bhāvayitrī bhāvayitavyā bhavati taṁ strī garbhaṁ bibharti so'gra eva kumāraṁ janmano'gre'dhi bhāvayati । sa yatkumāraṁ janmano'gre'dhi bhāvayatyātmānameva tadbhāvayatyeṣāṁ lokānāṁ santatyā evaṁ santatā hīme lokāstadasya dvitīyaṁ janma ॥ 3 ॥

sā bhāvayitrī vardhayitrī bharturātmano garbhabhūtasya bhāvayitavyā vardhayitavyā ca bhartrā bhavati । na hyupakārapratyupakāramantareṇa loke kasyacitkenacitsambandha upapadyate । taṁ garbhaṁ strī yathoktena garbhadhāraṇavidhānena bibharti dhārayati agre prāgjanmanaḥ । saḥ pitā agre eva pūrvameva jātamātraṁ kumāraṁ janmanaḥ adhi ūrdhvaṁ janmanaḥ jātaṁ kumāraṁ jātakarmādinā pitā bhāvayati । saḥ pitā yat yasmāt kumāraṁ janmanaḥ adhi ūrdhvaṁ agre jātamātrameva jātakarmādinā yadbhāvayati, tat ātmānameva bhāvayati ; piturātmaiva hi putrarūpeṇa jāyate । tathā hyuktam ‘patirjāyāṁ praviśati’ (hari. 3 । 73 । 71) ityādi । tatkimarthamātmānaṁ putrarūpeṇa janayitvā bhāvayatīti ? ucyate — eṣāṁ lokānāṁ santatyai avicchedāyetyarthaḥ । vicchidyeranhīme lokāḥ putrotpādanādi yadi na kuryuḥ । evaṁ putrotpādanādikarmāvicchedenaiva santatāḥ prabandharūpeṇa vartante hi yasmāt ime lokāḥ, tasmāttadavicchedāya tatkartavyam ; na mokṣāyetyarthaḥ । tat asya saṁsāriṇaḥ kumārarūpeṇa māturudarādyannirgamanam , tat retorūpāpekṣayā dvitīyaṁ janma dvitīyāvasthābhivyaktiḥ ॥

so'syāyamātmā puṇyebhyaḥ karmabhyaḥ pratidhīyate । athāsyāyamitara ātmā kṛtakṛtyo vayogataḥ praiti sa itaḥ prayanneva punarjāyate tadasya tṛtīyaṁ janma ॥ 4 ॥

asya pituḥ so'yaṁ putrātmā puṇyebhyaḥ śāstroktebhyaḥ karmabhyaḥ karmaniṣpādanārthaṁ pratidhīyate pituḥ sthāne pitrā yatkartavyaṁ tatkaraṇāya pratinidhīyata ityarthaḥ । tathā ca samprattividyāyāṁ vājasaneyake — ‘pitrānuśiṣṭo'haṁ brahmāhaṁ yajña ityādi pratipadyate’ (bṛ. u. 1 । 5 । 17) iti । atha anantaraṁ putre niveśyātmano bhāram asya putrasya itaraḥ ayaṁ yaḥ pitrātmā kṛtakṛtyaḥ, kartavyāt ṛṇatrayāt vimuktaḥ kṛtakartavya ityarthaḥ, vayogataḥ gatavayāḥ jīrṇaḥ san praiti mriyate । saḥ itaḥ asmāt prayanneva śarīraṁ parityajanneva, tṛṇajalūkādivat , dehāntaramupādadānaḥ karmacitam , punarjāyate । tadasya mṛtvā pratipattavyaṁ yat , tat tṛtīyaṁ janma । nanu saṁsarataḥ pituḥ sakāśādretorūpeṇa prathamaṁ janma ; tasyaiva kumārarūpeṇa māturdvitīyaṁ janmoktam ; tasyaiva tṛtīye janmani vaktavye, prayatastasya pituryajjanma, tattṛtīyamiti kathamucyate ? naiṣa doṣaḥ, pitāputrayorekātmatvasya vivakṣitatvāt । so'pi putraḥ svaputre bhāraṁ nidhāya itaḥ prayanneva punarjāyate yathā pitā । tadanyatroktamitaratrāpyuktameva bhavatīti manyate śrutiḥ । pitāputrayorekātmatvāt ॥

taduktamṛṣiṇā । garbhe nu sannanveṣāmavedamahaṁ devānāṁ janimāni viśvā । śataṁ mā pura āyasīrarakṣannadhaḥ śyeno javasā niradīyamiti garbha evaitacchayāno vāmadeva evamuvāca ॥ 5 ॥

evaṁ saṁsarannavasthābhivyaktitrayeṇa janmamaraṇaprabandhārūḍhaḥ sarvo lokaḥ saṁsārasamudre nipatitaḥ kathañcidyadā śrutyuktamātmānaṁ vijānāti yasyāṁ kasyāñcidavasthāyām , tadaiva muktasarvasaṁsārabandhanaḥ kṛtakṛtyo bhavatītyetadvastu, tat ṛṣiṇā mantreṇāpi uktamityāha — garbhe nu māturgarbhāśaya eva san , nu iti vitarke । anekajanmāntarabhāvanāparipākavaśāt eṣāṁ devānāṁ vāgagnyādīnāṁ janimāni janmāni viśvā viśvāni sarvāṇi anvavedam aham aho anubuddhavānasmītyarthaḥ । śatam anekāḥ bahvyaḥ mā māṁ puraḥ āyasīḥ āyasyo lohamayya ivābhedyāni śarīrāṇītyabhiprāyaḥ । arakṣan rakṣitavatyaḥ saṁsārapāśanirgamanāt adhaḥ । atha śyena iva jālaṁ bhittvā javasā ātmajñānakṛtasāmarthyena niradīyaṁ nirgato'smi । aho garbha eva śayāno vāmadevaḥ ṛṣiḥ evamuvāca etat ॥

sa evaṁ vidvānasmāccharīrabhedādūrdhva utkramyāmuṣminsvarge loke sarvānkāmānāptvāmṛtaḥ samabhavatsamabhavat ॥ 6 ॥ iti caturthaḥ khaṇḍaḥ ॥

saḥ vāmadeva ṛṣiḥ yathoktamātmānam evaṁ vidvān asmāt śarīrabhedāt śarīrasya avidyāparikalpitasya āyasavadanirbhedyasya jananamaraṇādyanekānarthaśatāviṣṭaśarīraprabandhasya paramātmajñānāmṛtopayogajanitavīryakṛtabhedāt śarīrotpattibījāvidyādinimittopamardahetoḥ śarīravināśādityarthaḥ । ūrdhvaḥ paramātmabhūtaḥ san adhobhavātsaṁsārāt utkramya jñānāvadyotitāmalasarvātmabhāvamāpannaḥ san amuṣmin yathokte ajare'mare'mṛte'bhaye sarvajñe'pūrve'napare'nantare'bāhye prajñānāmṛtaikarase svarge loke svasminnātmani sve svarūpe amṛtaḥ samabhavat ātmajñānena pūrvamāptakāmatayā jīvanneva sarvānkāmānāptvā ityarthaḥ । dvirvacanaṁ saphalasya sodāharaṇasya ātmajñānasya parisamāptipradarśanārtham ॥

iti caturthakhaṇḍabhāṣyam ॥

iti śrīmatparamahaṁsaparivrājakācāryasya śrīgovindabhagavatpūjyapādaśiṣyasya śrīmacchaṅkarabhagavataḥ kṛtau aitareyopaniṣadbhāṣye dvitīyo'dhyāyaḥ ॥

brahmavidyāsādhanakṛtasarvātmabhāvaphalāvāptiṁ vāmadevādyācāryaparamparayā pāramparyaśrutyāvadyotyamānāṁ brahmavitpariṣadyatyantaprasiddhām upalabhamānā mumukṣavo brāhmaṇā adhunātanāḥ brahma jijñāsavaḥ anityātsādhyasādhanalakṣaṇātsaṁsārāt ā jīvabhāvādvyāvivṛtsavo vicārayantaḥ anyonyaṁ pṛcchanti । katham ? —

ko'yamātmeti vayamupāsmahe kataraḥ sa ātmā yena vā paśyati yena vā śṛṇoti yena vā gandhānājighrati yena vā vācaṁ vyākaroti yena vā svādu cāsvādu ca vijānāti ॥ 1 ॥

yamātmānam ayamātmā iti sākṣāt vayamupāsmahe kaḥ sa ātmeti ; yaṁ cātmānamayamātmeti sākṣādupāsīno vāmadevaḥ amṛtaḥ samabhavat ; tameva vayamapyupāsmahe ko nu khalu sa ātmeti evaṁ jijñāsāpūrvamanyonyaṁ pṛcchatām atikrāntaviśeṣaviṣayaśrutisaṁskārajanitā smṛtirajāyata — tam ‘prapadābhyāṁ prāpadyata brahmemaṁ puruṣam’ ‘sa etameva sīmānaṁ vidārya etayā dvārā prāpadyata’ etameva puruṣaṁ dve brahmaṇī itaretaraprātikūlyena pratipanne — iti । te cāsya piṇḍasyātmabhūte । tayoranyatara ātmopāsyo bhavitumarhati । yo'tropāsyaḥ, kataraḥ sa ātmā iti viśeṣanirdhāraṇārthaṁ punaranyonyaṁ papracchurvicārayantaḥ । punasteṣāṁ vicārayatāṁ viśeṣavicāraṇāspadaviṣayā matirabhūt । katham ? dve vastunī asminpiṇḍe upalabhyete — anekabhedabhinnena karaṇena yenopalabhate, yaścaika upalabhate, karaṇāntaropalabdhiviṣayasmṛtipratisandhānāt । tatra na tāvat yenopalabhate, sa ātmā bhavitumarhati । kena punarupalabhata iti, ucyate — yena vā cakṣurbhūtena rūpaṁ paśyati, yena vā śṛṇoti śrotrabhūtena śabdam , yena vā ghrāṇabhūtena gandhānājighrati, yena vā vākkaraṇabhūtena vācaṁ nāmātmikāṁ vyākaroti gauraśva ityevamādyām , sādhvasādhviti ca, yena vā jihvābhūtena svādu ca asvādu ca vijānātīti ॥

yadetaddhṛdayaṁ manaścaitat । saṁjñānamājñānaṁ vijñānaṁ prajñānaṁ medhā dṛṣṭirdhṛtirmatirmanīṣā jūtiḥ smṛtiḥ saṅkalpaḥ kraturasuḥ kāmo vaśa iti । sarvāṇyevaitāni prajñānasya nāmadheyāni bhavanti ॥ 2 ॥

kiṁ punastadekamanekadhā bhinnaṁ karaṇamiti, ucyate । yaduktaṁ purastāt prajānāṁ reto hṛdayaṁ hṛdayasya reto manaḥ manasā sṛṣṭā āpaśca varuṇaśca hṛdayānmano manasaścandramāḥ, tadevaitaddhṛdayaṁ manaśca, ekameva tadanekadhā । etenāntaḥkaraṇenaikena cakṣurbhūtena rūpaṁ paśyati, śrotrabhūtena śṛṇoti, ghrāṇabhūtena jighrati, vāgbhūtena vadati, jihvābhūtena rasayati, svenaiva vikalpanārūpeṇa manasā saṅkalpayati, hṛdayarūpeṇādhyavasyati । tasmātsarvakaraṇaviṣayavyāpārakamekamidaṁ karaṇaṁ sarvopalabdhyarthamupalabdhuḥ । tathā ca kauṣītakinām ‘prajñayā vācaṁ samāruhya vācā sarvāṇi nāmānyāpnoti prajñayā cakṣuḥ samāruhya cakṣuṣā sarvāṇi rūpāṇyāpnoti’ (kau. u. 3 । 6) ityādi । vājasaneyake ca — ‘manasā hyeva paśyati manasā śṛṇoti hṛdayena hi rūpāṇi vijānāti’ (bṛ. u. 1 । 5 । 3) ityādi । tasmāddhṛdayamanovācyasya sarvopalabdhikaraṇatvaṁ prasiddham । tadātmakaśca prāṇaḥ ‘yo vai prāṇaḥ, sā prajñā yā vai prajñā sa prāṇaḥ’ (kau. u. 3 । 3) iti hi brāhmaṇam । karaṇasaṁhatirūpaśca prāṇa ityavocāma prāṇasaṁvādādau । tasmādyatpadbhyāṁ prāpadyata, tadbrahma tadupalabdhurupalabdhikaraṇatvena guṇabhūtatvānnaiva tadvastu brahma upāsya ātmā bhavitumarhati । pāriśeṣyādyasyopalabdhurupalabdhyarthā etasya hṛdayamanorūpasya karaṇasya vṛttayo vakṣyamāṇāḥ, sa upalabdhā upāsya ātmā no'smākaṁ bhavitumarhatīti niścayaṁ kṛtavantaḥ । tadantaḥkaraṇopādhisthasyopalabdhuḥ prajñānarūpasya brahmaṇa upalabdhyarthā yā antaḥkaraṇavṛttayo bāhyāntarvartiviṣayaviṣayāḥ, tā imā ucyante — saṁjñānaṁ saṁjñaptiḥ cetanabhāvaḥ ; ājñānam ājñaptiḥ īśvarabhāvaḥ ; vijñānaṁ kalādiparijñānam ; prajñānaṁ prajñaptiḥ prajñatā ; medhā granthadhāraṇasāmarthyam ; dṛṣṭiḥ indriyadvārā sarvaviṣayopalabdhiḥ ; dhṛtiḥ dhāraṇam avasannānāṁ śarīrendriyāṇāṁ yayottambhanaṁ bhavati ; ‘dhṛtyā śarīramudvahanti’ iti hi vadanti ; matiḥ mananam ; manīṣā tatra svātantryam ; jūtiḥ cetaso rujādiduḥkhitvabhāvaḥ ; smṛtiḥ smaraṇam ; saṅkalpaḥ śuklakṛṣṇādibhāvena saṅkalpanaṁ rūpādīnām ; kratuḥ adhyavasāyaḥ ; asuḥ prāṇanādijīvanakriyānimittā vṛttiḥ ; kāmaḥ asaṁnihitaviṣayākāṅkṣā tṛṣṇā ; vaśaḥ strīvyatikarādyabhilāṣaḥ ; ityevamādyā antaḥkaraṇavṛttayaḥ upalabdhurupalabdhyarthatvācchuddhaprajñānarūpasya brahmaṇa upādhibhūtāstadupādhijanitaguṇanāmadheyāni saṁjñānādīni sarvāṇyevaitāni prajñaptimātrasya prajñānasya nāmadheyāni bhavanti, na svataḥ sākṣāt । tathā coktam ‘prāṇanneva prāṇo nāma bhavati’ (bṛ. u. 1 । 4 । 7) ityādi ॥

eṣa brahmaiṣa indra eṣa prajāpatirete sarve devā imāni ca pañca mahābhūtāni pṛthivī vāyurākāśa āpo jyotīṁṣītyetānīmāni ca kṣudramiśrāṇīva । bījānītarāṇi cetarāṇi cāṇḍajāni ca jārujāni ca svedajāni codbhijjāni cāśvā gāvaḥ puruṣā hastino yatkiñcedaṁ prāṇi jaṅgamaṁ ca patatri ca yacca sthāvaram । sarvaṁ tatprajñānetraṁ prajñāne pratiṣṭhitaṁ prajñānetro lokaḥ prajñā pratiṣṭhā prajñānaṁ brahma ॥ 3 ॥

sa eṣaḥ prajñānarūpa ātmā brahma aparaṁ sarvaśarīrasthaḥ prāṇaḥ prajñātmā antaḥkaraṇopādhiṣvanupraviṣṭo jalabhedagatasūryapratibimbavat hiraṇyagarbhaḥ prāṇaḥ prajñātmā । eṣa eva indraḥ guṇāt , devarājo vā । eṣa prajāpatiḥ yaḥ prathamajaḥ śarīrī ; yato mukhādinirbhedadvāreṇāgnyādayo lokapālā jātāḥ, sa prajāpatireṣa eva । ye'pi ete agnyādayaḥ sarve devā eṣa eva । imāni ca sarvaśarīropādānabhūtāni pañca pṛthivyādīni mahābhūtāni annānnādatvalakṣaṇāni etāni । kiñca, imāni ca kṣudramiśrāṇi kṣudrairalpakairmiśrāṇi, ivaśabdaḥ anarthakaḥ, sarpādīni । bījāni kāraṇāni itarāṇi cetarāṇi ca dvairāśyena nirdiśyamānāni । kāni tāni ? ucyante — aṇḍajāni pakṣyādīni, jārujāni jarāyujāni manuṣyādīni, svedajāni yūkādīni, udbhijjāni ca vṛkṣādīni । aśvāḥ gāvaḥ puruṣāḥ hastinaḥ anyacca yatkiñcedaṁ prāṇi । kiṁ tat ? jaṅgamaṁ yaccalati padbhyāṁ gacchati ; yacca patatri ākāśena patanaśīlam ; yacca sthāvaram acalam ; sarvaṁ tat aśeṣataḥ prajñānetram , prajñaptiḥ prajñā, tacca brahmaiva, nīyate'neneti netram , prajñā netraṁ yasya tadidaṁ prajñānetram ; prajñāne brahmaṇyutpattisthitilayakāleṣu pratiṣṭhitam , prajñāśrayamityarthaḥ । prajñānetro lokaḥ pūrvavat ; prajñācakṣurvā sarva eva lokaḥ । prajñā pratiṣṭhā sarvasya jagataḥ । tasmāt prajñānaṁ brahma । tadetatpratyastamitasarvopādhiviśeṣaṁ sat nirañjanaṁ nirmalaṁ niṣkriyaṁ śāntam ekam advayaṁ ‘neti neti’ (bṛ. u. 3 । 9 । 26) iti sarvaviśeṣāpohasaṁvedyaṁ sarvaśabdapratyayāgocaraṁ tadatyantaviśuddhaprajñopādhisambandhena sarvajñamīśvaraṁ sarvasādhāraṇāvyākṛtajagadbījapravartakaṁ niyantṛtvādantaryāmisaṁjñaṁ bhavati । tadeva vyākṛtajagadbījabhūtabuddhyātmābhimānalakṣaṇaṁ hiraṇyagarbhasaṁjñaṁ bhavati । tadeva antaraṇḍodbhūtaprathamaśarīropādhimat virāṭprajāpatisaṁjñaṁ bhavati । tadudbhūtāgnyādyupādhimat devatāsaṁjñaṁ bhavati । tathā viśeṣaśarīropādhiṣvapi brahmādistambaparyanteṣu tattannāmarūpalābho brahmaṇaḥ । tadevaikaṁ sarvopādhibhedabhinnaṁ sarvaiḥ prāṇibhistārkikaiśca sarvaprakāreṇa jñāyate vikalpyate ca anekadhā । ‘etameke vadantyagniṁ manumanye prajāpatim । indrameke'pare prāṇamapare brahma śāśvatam’ (manu. 12 । 123) ityādyā smṛtiḥ ॥

sa etena prajñenātmanāsmāllokādutkramyāmuṣminsvarge loke sarvānkāmānāptvāmṛtaḥ samabhavatsamabhavat ॥ 4 ॥ iti pañcamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ ॥

sa vāmadevo'nyo vā evaṁ yathoktaṁ brahma veda prajñenātmanā, yenaiva prajñena ātmanā pūrve vidvāṁso'mṛtā abhūvan tathā ayamapi vidvān etenaiva prajñena ātmanā asmāt lokāt utkramyetyādi vyākhyātam । asmāllokādutkramya amuṣmin svarge loke sarvānkāmān āptvā amṛtaḥ samabhavatsamabhavadityomiti ॥

iti pañcamakhaṇḍabhāṣyam ॥

aitareyopaniṣadbhāṣyam