nanu ca ātmavidaḥ jñānayogena niṣṭhāṁ pratipipādayiṣan pūrvodāhṛtaiḥ vacanaiḥ bhagavān sarvakarmasaṁnyāsam avocat , na tu anātmajñasya । ataśca karmānuṣṭhānakarmasaṁnyāsayoḥ bhinnapuruṣaviṣayatvāt anyatarasya praśasyataratvabubhutsayā ayaṁ praśnaḥ anupapannaḥ । satyameva tvadabhiprāyeṇa praśno na upapadyate ; praṣṭuḥ svābhiprāyeṇa punaḥ praśnaḥ yujyata eveti vadāmaḥ । katham ? pūrvodāhṛtaiḥ vacanaiḥ bhagavatā karmasaṁnyāsasya kartavyatayā vivakṣitatvāt , prādhānyamantareṇa ca kartāraṁ tasya kartavyatvāsambhavāt anātmavidapi kartā pakṣe prāptaḥ anūdyata eva ; na punaḥ ātmavitkartṛkatvameva saṁnyāsasya vivakṣitam , ityevaṁ manvānasya arjunasya karmānuṣṭhānakarmasaṁnyāsayoḥ avidvatpuruṣakartṛkatvamapi astīti pūrvoktena prakāreṇa tayoḥ parasparavirodhāt anyatarasya kartavyatve prāpte praśasyataraṁ ca kartavyam na itarat iti praśasyataravividiṣayā praśnaḥ na anupapannaḥ ॥
prativacanavākyārthanirūpaṇenāpi praṣṭuḥ abhiprāyaḥ evameveti gamyate ।
katham ?
‘saṁnyāsakarmayogau niḥśreyasakarau tayostu karmayogo viśiṣyate’ (bha. gī. 5 । 2) iti prativacanam ।
etat nirūpyam —
kiṁ anena ātmavitkartṛkayoḥ saṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ niḥśreyasakaratvaṁ prayojanam uktvā tayoreva kutaścit viśeṣāt karmasaṁnyāsāt karmayogasya viśiṣṭatvam ucyate ?
āhosvit anātmavitkartṛkayoḥ saṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ tadubhayam ucyate ?
iti ।
kiñcātaḥ —
yadi ātmavitkartṛkayoḥ karmasaṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ niḥśreyasakaratvam ,
tayostu karmasaṁnyāsāt karmayogasya viśiṣṭatvam ucyate ;
yadi vā anātmavitkartṛkayoḥ saṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ tadubhayam ucyate iti ।
atra ucyate —
ātmavitkartṛkayoḥ saṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ asambhavāt tayoḥ niḥśreyasakaratvavacanaṁ tadīyācca karmasaṁnyāsāt karmayogasya viśiṣṭatvābhidhānam ityetat ubhayam anupapannam ।
yadi anātmavidaḥ karmasaṁnyāsaḥ tatpratikūlaśca karmānuṣṭhānalakṣaṇaḥ karmayogaḥ sambhavetām ,
tadā tayoḥ niḥśreyasakaratvoktiḥ karmayogasya ca karmasaṁnyāsāt viśiṣṭatvābhidhānam ityetat ubhayam upapadyeta ।
ātmavidastu saṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ asambhavāt tayoḥ niḥśreyasakaratvābhidhānaṁ karmasaṁnyāsācca karmayogaḥ viśiṣyate iti ca anupapannam ॥
atra āha — kim ātmavidaḥ saṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ ubhayorapi asambhavaḥ ? āhosvit anyatarasya asambhavaḥ ? yadā ca anyatarasya asambhavaḥ, tadā kiṁ karmasaṁnyāsasya, uta karmayogasya ? iti ; asambhave kāraṇaṁ ca vaktavyam iti । atra ucyate — ātmavidaḥ nivṛttamithyājñānatvāt viparyayajñānamūlasya karmayogasya asambhavaḥ syāt । janmādisarvavikriyārahitatvena niṣkriyam ātmānam ātmatvena yo vetti tasya ātmavidaḥ samyagdarśanena apāstamithyājñānasya niṣkriyātmasvarūpāvasthānalakṣaṇaṁ sarvakarmasaṁnyāsam uktvā tadviparītasya mithyājñānamūlakartṛtvābhimānapuraḥsarasya sakriyātmasvarūpāvasthānarūpasya karmayogasya iha gītāśāstre tatra tatra ātmasvarūpanirūpaṇapradeśeṣu samyagjñānamithyājñānatatkāryavirodhāt abhāvaḥ pratipādyate yasmāt , tasmāt ātmavidaḥ nivṛttamithyājñānasya viparyayajñānamūlaḥ karmayogo na sambhavatīti yuktam uktaṁ syāt ॥
arjuna uvāca —
saṁnyāsaṁ karmaṇāṁ kṛṣṇa punaryogaṁ ca śaṁsasi ।
yacchreya etayorekaṁ tanme brūhi suniścitam ॥ 1 ॥
saṁnyāsaṁ parityāgaṁ karmaṇāṁ śāstrīyāṇām anuṣṭheyaviśeṣāṇāṁ śaṁsasi praśaṁsasi kathayasi ityetat । punaḥ yogaṁ ca teṣāmeva anuṣṭhānam avaśyakartavyaṁ śaṁsasi । ataḥ me katarat śreyaḥ iti saṁśayaḥ — kiṁ karmānuṣṭhānaṁ śreyaḥ, kiṁ vā taddhānam iti । praśasyataraṁ ca anuṣṭheyam । ataśca yat śreyaḥ praśasyataram etayoḥ karmasaṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ yadanuṣṭhānāt śreyovāptiḥ mama syāditi manyase, tat ekam anyataram saha ekapuruṣānuṣṭheyatvāsambhavāt me brūhi suniścitam abhipretaṁ taveti ॥ 1 ॥
svābhiprāyam ācakṣāṇo nirṇayāya śrībhagavānuvāca —
śrībhagavānuvāca —
saṁnyāsaḥ karmayogaśca niḥśreyasakarāvubhau ।
tayostu karmasaṁnyāsātkarmayogo viśiṣyate ॥ 2 ॥
saṁnyāsaḥ karmaṇāṁ parityāgaḥ karmayogaśca teṣāmanuṣṭhānaṁ tau ubhau api niḥśreyasakarau mokṣaṁ kurvāte jñānotpattihetutvena । ubhau yadyapi niḥśreyasakarau, tathāpi tayostu niḥśreyasahetvoḥ karmasaṁnyāsāt kevalāt karmayogo viśiṣyate iti karmayogaṁ stauti ॥ 2 ॥
kasmāt iti āha —
jñeyaḥ sa nityasaṁnyāsī yo na dveṣṭi na kāṅkṣati ।
nirdvandvo hi mahābāho sukhaṁ bandhātpramucyate ॥ 3 ॥
jñeyaḥ jñātavyaḥ sa karmayogī nityasaṁnyāsī iti yo na dveṣṭi kiñcit na kāṅkṣati duḥkhasukhe tatsādhane ca । evaṁvidho yaḥ, karmaṇi vartamāno'pi sa nityasaṁnyāsī iti jñātavyaḥ ityarthaḥ । nirdvandvaḥ dvandvavarjitaḥ hi yasmāt mahābāho sukhaṁ bandhāt anāyāsena pramucyate ॥ 3 ॥
saṁnyāsakarmayogayoḥ bhinnapuruṣānuṣṭheyayoḥ viruddhayoḥ phale'pi virodho yuktaḥ, na tu ubhayoḥ niḥśreyasakaratvameva iti prāpte idam ucyate —
sāṅkhyayogau pṛthagbālāḥ pravadanti na paṇḍitāḥ ।
ekamapyāsthitaḥ samyagubhayorvindate phalam ॥ 4 ॥
sāṅkhyayogau pṛthak viruddhabhinnaphalau bālāḥ pravadanti na paṇḍitāḥ । paṇḍitāstu jñānina ekaṁ phalam aviruddham icchanti । katham ? ekamapi sāṅkhyayogayoḥ samyak āsthitaḥ samyaganuṣṭhitavān ityarthaḥ, ubhayoḥ vindate phalam । ubhayoḥ tadeva hi niḥśreyasaṁ phalam ; ataḥ na phale virodhaḥ asti ॥
nanu saṁnyāsakarmayogaśabdena prastutya sāṅkhyayogayoḥ phalaikatvaṁ katham iha aprakṛtaṁ bravīti ? naiṣa doṣaḥ — yadyapi arjunena saṁnyāsaṁ karmayogaṁ ca kevalam abhipretya praśnaḥ kṛtaḥ, bhagavāṁstu tadaparityāgenaiva svābhipretaṁ ca viśeṣaṁ saṁyojya śabdāntaravācyatayā prativacanaṁ dadau ‘sāṅkhyayogau’ iti । tau eva saṁnyāsakarmayogau jñānatadupāyasamabuddhitvādisaṁyuktau sāṅkhyayogaśabdavācyau iti bhagavato matam । ataḥ na aprakṛtaprakriyeti ॥ 4 ॥
ekasyāpi samyaganuṣṭhānāt katham ubhayoḥ phalaṁ vindate iti ucyate —
yatsāṅkhyaiḥ prāpyate sthānaṁ tadyogairapi gamyate ।
ekaṁ sāṅkhyaṁ ca yogaṁ ca yaḥ paśyati sa paśyati ॥ 5 ॥
yat sāṅkhyaiḥ jñānaniṣṭhaiḥ saṁnyāsibhiḥ prāpyate sthānaṁ mokṣākhyam , tat yogairapi jñānaprāptyupāyatvena īśvare samarpya karmāṇi ātmanaḥ phalam anabhisandhāya anutiṣṭhanti ye te yogāḥ yoginaḥ tairapi paramārthajñānasaṁnyāsaprāptidvāreṇa gamyate ityabhiprāyaḥ । ataḥ ekaṁ sāṅkhyaṁ ca yogaṁ ca yaḥ paśyati phalaikatvāt sa paśyati samyak paśyatītyarthaḥ — ॥ 5 ॥
evaṁ tarhi yogāt saṁnyāsa eva viśiṣyate ;
kathaṁ tarhi idamuktam ‘tayostu karmasaṁnyāsāt karmayogo viśiṣyate’ (bha. gī. 5 । 2) iti ?
śṛṇu tatra kāraṇam —
tvayā pṛṣṭaṁ kevalaṁ karmasaṁnyāsaṁ karmayogaṁ ca abhipretya tayoḥ anyataraḥ kaḥ śreyān iti ।
tadanurūpaṁ prativacanaṁ mayā uktaṁ karmasaṁnyāsāt karmayogaḥ viśiṣyate iti jñānam anapekṣya ।
jñānāpekṣastu saṁnyāsaḥ sāṅkhyamiti mayā abhipretaḥ ।
paramārthayogaśca sa eva ।
yastu karmayogaḥ vaidikaḥ sa ca tādarthyāt yogaḥ saṁnyāsa iti ca upacaryate ।
kathaṁ tādarthyam iti ucyate
saṁnyāsastu mahābāho duḥkhamāptumayogataḥ ।
yogayukto munirbrahma nacireṇādhigacchati ॥ 6 ॥
saṁnyāsastu pāramārthikaḥ he mahābāho duḥkham āptuṁ prāptum ayogataḥ yogena vinā ।
yogayuktaḥ vaidikena karmayogena īśvarasamarpitarūpeṇa phalanirapekṣeṇa yuktaḥ,
muniḥ mananāt īśvarasvarūpasya muniḥ,
brahma —
paramātmajñānaniṣṭhālakṣaṇatvāt prakṛtaḥ saṁnyāsaḥ brahma ucyate,
‘nyāsa iti brahmā brahmā hi paraḥ’ (tai. nā. 78) iti śruteḥ —
brahma paramārthasaṁnyāsaṁ paramārthajñānaniṣṭhālakṣaṇaṁ nacireṇa kṣiprameva adhigacchati prāpnoti ।
ataḥ mayā uktam ‘karmayogo viśiṣyate’ (bha. gī. 5 । 2) iti ॥ 6 ॥
yadā punaḥ ayaṁ samyagjñānaprāptyupāyatvena —
yogayukto viśuddhātmā
vijitātmā jitendriyaḥ ।
sarvabhūtātmabhūtātmā
kurvannapi na lipyate ॥ 7 ॥
yogena yuktaḥ yogayuktaḥ, viśuddhātmā viśuddhasattvaḥ, vijitātmā vijitadehaḥ, jitendriyaśca, sarvabhūtātmabhūtātmā sarveṣāṁ brahmādīnāṁ stambaparyantānāṁ bhūtānām ātmabhūtaḥ ātmā pratyakcetano yasya saḥ sarvabhūtātmabhūtātmā samyagdarśītyarthaḥ, sa tatraivaṁ vartamānaḥ lokasaṅgrahāya karma kurvannapi na lipyate na karmabhiḥ badhyate ityarthaḥ ॥ 7 ॥
na ca asau paramārthataḥ karotītyataḥ —
naiva kiñcitkaromīti yukto manyeta tattvavit ।
paśyañśṛṇvanspṛśañjighrannaśnangacchansvapañśvasan ॥ 8 ॥
pralapan visṛjangṛhṇannunmiṣannimiṣannapi ।
indriyāṇīndriyārtheṣu vartanta iti dhārayan ॥ 9 ॥
naiva kiñcit karomīti yuktaḥ samāhitaḥ san manyeta cintayet , tattvavit ātmano yāthātmyaṁ tattvaṁ vettīti tattvavit paramārthadarśītyarthaḥ ॥
kadā kathaṁ vā tattvamavadhārayan manyeta iti, ucyate — paśyanniti । manyeta iti pūrveṇa sambandhaḥ । yasya evaṁ tattvavidaḥ sarvakāryakaraṇaceṣṭāsu karmasu akarmaiva, paśyataḥ samyagdarśinaḥ tasya sarvakarmasaṁnyāse eva adhikāraḥ, karmaṇaḥ abhāvadarśanāt । na hi mṛgatṛṣṇikāyām udakabuddhyā pānāya pravṛttaḥ udakābhāvajñāne'pi tatraiva pānaprayojanāya pravartate ॥ 9 ॥
yastu punaḥ atattvavit pravṛttaśca karmayoge —
brahmaṇyādhāya karmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā karoti yaḥ ।
lipyate na sa pāpena padmapatramivāmbhasā ॥ 10 ॥
brahmaṇi īśvare ādhāya nikṣipya ‘tadarthaṁ karma karomi’ iti bhṛtya iva svāmyarthaṁ sarvāṇi karmāṇi mokṣe'pi phale saṅgaṁ tyaktvā karoti yaḥ sarvakarmāṇi, lipyate na sa pāpena na sambadhyate padmapatramiva ambhasā udakena । kevalaṁ sattvaśuddhimātrameva phalaṁ tasya karmaṇaḥ syāt ॥ 10 ॥
yasmāt —
kāyena manasā buddhyā kevalairindriyairapi ।
yoginaḥ karma kurvanti saṅgaṁ tyaktvātmaśuddhaye ॥ 11 ॥
kāyena dehena manasā buddhyā ca kevalaiḥ mamatvavarjitaiḥ ‘īśvarāyaiva karma karomi, na mama phalāya’ iti mamatvabuddhiśūnyaiḥ indriyairapi — kevalaśabdaḥ kāyādibhirapi pratyekaṁ sambadhyate — sarvavyāpāreṣu mamatāvarjanāya । yoginaḥ karmiṇaḥ karma kurvanti saṅgaṁ tyaktvā phalaviṣayam ātmaśuddhaye sattvaśuddhaye ityarthaḥ । tasmāt tatraiva tava adhikāraḥ iti kuru karmaiva ॥ 11 ॥
yasmācca —
yuktaḥ karmaphalaṁ tyaktvā
śāntimāpnoti naiṣṭhikīm ।
ayuktaḥ kāmakāreṇa
phale sakto nibadhyate ॥ 12 ॥
yuktaḥ ‘īśvarāya karmāṇi karomi na mama phalāya’ ityevaṁ samāhitaḥ san karmaphalaṁ tyaktvā parityajya śāntiṁ mokṣākhyām āpnoti naiṣṭhikīṁ niṣṭhāyāṁ bhavāṁ sattvaśuddhijñānaprāptisarvakarmasaṁnyāsajñānaniṣṭhākrameṇeti vākyaśeṣaḥ । yastu punaḥ ayuktaḥ asamāhitaḥ kāmakāreṇa karaṇaṁ kāraḥ kāmasya kāraḥ kāmakāraḥ tena kāmakāreṇa, kāmapreritatayetyarthaḥ, ‘mama phalāya idaṁ karomi karma’ ityevaṁ phale saktaḥ nibadhyate । ataḥ tvaṁ yukto bhava ityarthaḥ ॥ 12 ॥
yastu paramārthadarśī saḥ —
sarvakarmāṇi manasā saṁnyasyāste sukhaṁ vaśī ।
navadvāre pure dehī naiva kurvanna kārayan ॥ 13 ॥
sarvāṇi karmāṇi sarvakarmāṇi saṁnyasya parityajya nityaṁ naimittikaṁ kāmyaṁ pratiṣiddhaṁ ca tāni sarvāṇi karmāṇi manasā vivekabuddhyā, karmādau akarmasandarśanena santyajyetyarthaḥ, āste tiṣṭhati sukham । tyaktavāṅmanaḥkāyaceṣṭaḥ nirāyāsaḥ prasannacittaḥ ātmanaḥ anyatra nivṛttasarvabāhyaprayojanaḥ iti ‘sukham āste’ ityucyate । vaśī jitendriya ityarthaḥ । kva katham āste iti, āha — navadvāre pure । sapta śīrṣaṇyāni ātmana upalabdhidvārāṇi, avāk dve mūtrapurīṣavisargārthe, taiḥ dvāraiḥ navadvāraṁ puram ucyate śarīram , puramiva puram , ātmaikasvāmikam , tadarthaprayojanaiśca indriyamanobuddhiviṣayaiḥ anekaphalavijñānasya utpādakaiḥ paurairiva adhiṣṭhitam । tasmin navadvāre pure dehī sarvaṁ karma saṁnyasya āste ; kiṁ viśeṣaṇena ? sarvo hi dehī saṁnyāsī asaṁnyāsī vā dehe eva āste ; tatra anarthakaṁ viśeṣaṇamiti । ucyate — yastu ajñaḥ dehī dehendriyasaṅghātamātrātmadarśī sa sarvo'pi ‘gehe bhūmau āsane vā āse’ iti manyate । na hi dehamātrātmadarśinaḥ gehe iva dehe āse iti pratyayaḥ sambhavati । dehādisaṅghātavyatiriktātmadarśinastu ‘dehe āse’ iti pratyayaḥ upapadyate । parakarmaṇāṁ ca parasmin ātmani avidyayā adhyāropitānāṁ vidyayā vivekajñānena manasā saṁnyāsa upapadyate । utpannavivekajñānasya sarvakarmasaṁnyāsino'pi gehe iva dehe eva navadvāre pure āsanam prārabdhaphalakarmasaṁskāraśeṣānuvṛttyā deha eva viśeṣavijñānotpatteḥ । dehe eva āste iti astyeva viśeṣaṇaphalam , vidvadavidvatpratyayabhedāpekṣatvāt ॥
kiñca—
na kartṛtvaṁ na karmāṇi lokasya sṛjati prabhuḥ ।
na karmaphalasaṁyogaṁ svabhāvastu pravartate ॥ 14 ॥
na kartṛtvaṁ svataḥ kuru iti nāpi karmāṇi rathaghaṭaprāsādādīni īpsitatamāni lokasya sṛjati utpādayati prabhuḥ ātmā ।
nāpi rathādi kṛtavataḥ tatphalena saṁyogaṁ na karmaphalasaṁyogam ।
yadi kiñcidapi svataḥ na karoti na kārayati ca dehī,
kaḥ tarhi kurvan kārayaṁśca pravartate iti,
ucyate —
svabhāvastu svo bhāvaḥ svabhāvaḥ avidyālakṣaṇā prakṛtiḥ māyā pravartate ‘daivī hi’ (bha. gī. 7 । 14) ityādinā vakṣyamāṇā ॥ 14 ॥
paramārthatastu —
nādatte kasyacitpāpaṁ na caiva sukṛtaṁ vibhuḥ ।
ajñānenāvṛtaṁ jñānaṁ tena muhyanti jantavaḥ ॥ 15 ॥
na ādatte na ca gṛhṇāti bhaktasyāpi kasyacit pāpam । na caiva ādatte sukṛtaṁ bhaktaiḥ prayuktaṁ vibhuḥ । kimarthaṁ tarhi bhaktaiḥ pūjādilakṣaṇaṁ yāgadānahomādikaṁ ca sukṛtaṁ prayujyate ityāha — ajñānena āvṛtaṁ jñānaṁ vivekavijñānam , tena muhyanti ‘karomi kārayāmi bhokṣye bhojayāmi’ ityevaṁ mohaṁ gacchanti avivekinaḥ saṁsāriṇo jantavaḥ ॥ 15 ॥
jñānena tu tadajñānaṁ yeṣāṁ nāśitamātmanaḥ ।
teṣāmādityavajjñānaṁ prakāśayati tatparam ॥ 16 ॥
jñānena tu yena ajñānena āvṛtāḥ muhyanti jantavaḥ tat ajñānaṁ yeṣāṁ jantūnāṁ vivekajñānena ātmaviṣayeṇa nāśitam ātmanaḥ bhavati, teṣāṁ jantūnām ādityavat yathā ādityaḥ samastaṁ rūpajātam avabhāsayati tadvat jñānaṁ jñeyaṁ vastu sarvaṁ prakāśayati tat paraṁ paramārthatattvam ॥ 16 ॥
yat paraṁ jñānaṁ prakāśitam —
tadbuddhayastadātmānastanniṣṭhāstatparāyaṇāḥ ।
gacchantyapunarāvṛttiṁ jñānanirdhūtakalmaṣāḥ ॥ 17 ॥
tasmin brahmaṇi gatā buddhiḥ yeṣāṁ te tadbuddhayaḥ, tadātmānaḥ tadeva paraṁ brahma ātmā yeṣāṁ te tadātmānaḥ, tanniṣṭhāḥ niṣṭhā abhiniveśaḥ tātparyaṁ sarvāṇi karmāṇi saṁnyasya tasmin brahmaṇyeva avasthānaṁ yeṣāṁ te tanniṣṭhāḥ, tatparāyaṇāśca tadeva param ayanaṁ parā gatiḥ yeṣāṁ bhavati te tatparāyaṇāḥ kevalātmarataya ityarthaḥ । yeṣāṁ jñānena nāśitam ātmanaḥ ajñānaṁ te gacchanti evaṁvidhāḥ apunarāvṛttim apunardehasambandhaṁ jñānanirdhūtakalmaṣāḥ yathoktena jñānena nirdhūtaḥ nāśitaḥ kalmaṣaḥ pāpādisaṁsārakāraṇadoṣaḥ yeṣāṁ te jñānanirdhūtakalmaṣāḥ yatayaḥ ityarthaḥ ॥ 17 ॥
yeṣāṁ jñānena nāśitam ātmanaḥ ajñānaṁ te paṇḍitāḥ kathaṁ tattvaṁ paśyanti ityucyate —
vidyāvinayasampanne brāhmaṇe gavi hastini ।
śuni caiva śvapāke ca paṇḍitāḥ samadarśinaḥ ॥ 18 ॥
vidyāvinayasampanne vidyā ca vinayaśca vidyāvinayau, vinayaḥ upaśamaḥ, tābhyāṁ vidyāvinayābhyāṁ sampannaḥ vidyāvinayasampannaḥ vidvān vinītaśca yo brāhmaṇaḥ tasmin brāhmaṇe gavi hastini śuni caiva śvapāke ca paṇḍitāḥ samadarśinaḥ । vidyāvinayasampanne uttamasaṁskāravati brāhmaṇe sāttvike, madhyamāyāṁ ca rājasyāṁ gavi, saṁskārahīnāyāṁ atyantameva kevalatāmase hastyādau ca, sattvādiguṇaiḥ tajjaiśca saṁskāraiḥ tathā rājasaiḥ tathā tāmasaiśca saṁskāraiḥ atyantameva aspṛṣṭaṁ samam ekam avikriyaṁ tat brahma draṣṭuṁ śīlaṁ yeṣāṁ te paṇḍitāḥ samadarśinaḥ ॥ 18 ॥
nanu abhojyānnāḥ te doṣavantaḥ, ‘samāsamābhyāṁ viṣamasame pūjātaḥ’ (gau. dha. 2 । 8 । 20 ; 17 । 18) iti smṛteḥ । na te doṣavantaḥ । katham ? —
ihaiva tairjitaḥ sargo yeṣāṁ sāmye sthitaṁ manaḥ ।
nirdoṣaṁ hi samaṁ brahma tasmādbrahmaṇi te sthitāḥ ॥ 19 ॥
iha eva jīvadbhireva taiḥ samadarśibhiḥ paṇḍitaiḥ jitaḥ vaśīkṛtaḥ sargaḥ janma,
yeṣāṁ sāmye sarvabhūteṣu brahmaṇi samabhāve sthitaṁ niścalībhūtaṁ manaḥ antaḥkaraṇam ।
nirdoṣaṁ yadyapi doṣavatsu śvapākādiṣu mūḍhaiḥ taddoṣaiḥ doṣavat iva vibhāvyate,
tathāpi taddoṣaiḥ aspṛṣṭam iti nirdoṣaṁ doṣavarjitaṁ hi yasmāt ;
nāpi svaguṇabhedabhinnam ,
nirguṇatvāt caitanyasya ।
vakṣyati ca bhagavān icchādīnāṁ kṣetradharmatvam ,
‘anāditvānnirguṇatvāt’ (bha. gī. 13 । 31) iti ca ।
nāpi antyā viśeṣāḥ ātmano bhedakāḥ santi,
pratiśarīraṁ teṣāṁ sattve pramāṇānupapatteḥ ।
ataḥ samaṁ brahma ekaṁ ca ।
tasmāt brahmaṇi eva te sthitāḥ ।
tasmāt na doṣagandhamātramapi tān spṛśati,
dehādisaṅghātātmadarśanābhimānābhāvāt teṣām ।
dehādisaṅghātātmadarśanābhimānavadviṣayaṁ tu tat sūtram ‘samāsamābhyāṁ viṣamasame pūjātaḥ’ (gau. dha. 2 । 8 । 20) iti,
pūjāviṣayatvena viśeṣaṇāt ।
dṛśyate hi brahmavit ṣaḍaṅgavit caturvedavit iti pūjādānādau guṇaviśeṣasambandhaḥ kāraṇam ।
brahma tu sarvaguṇadoṣasambandhavarjitamityataḥ ‘
brahmaṇi te sthitāḥ’
iti yuktam ।
karmaviṣayaṁ ca ‘samāsamābhyām’ (gau. dha. 2 । 8 । 20) ityādi ।
idaṁ tu sarvakarmasaṁnyāsaviṣayaṁ prastutam ,
‘sarvakarmāṇi manasā’ (bha. gī. 5 । 13) ityārabhya adhyāyaparisamāpteḥ ॥ 19 ॥
yasmāt nirdoṣaṁ samaṁ brahma ātmā, tasmāt —
na prahṛṣyetpriyaṁ prāpya nodvijetprāpya cāpriyam ।
sthirabuddhirasaṁmūḍho brahmavidbrahmaṇi sthitaḥ ॥ 20 ॥
na prahṛṣyet praharṣaṁ na kuryāt priyam iṣṭaṁ prāpya labdhvā । na udvijet prāpya ca apriyam aniṣṭaṁ labdhvā । dehamātrātmadarśināṁ hi priyāpriyaprāptī harṣaviṣādau kurvāte, na kevalātmadarśinaḥ, tasya priyāpriyaprāptyasambhavāt । kiñca — ‘sarvabhūteṣu ekaḥ samaḥ nirdoṣaḥ ātmā’ iti sthirā nirvicikitsā buddhiḥ yasya saḥ sthirabuddhiḥ asaṁmūḍhaḥ saṁmohavarjitaśca syāt yathoktabrahmavit brahmaṇi sthitaḥ, akarmakṛt sarvakarmasaṁnyāsī ityarthaḥ ॥ 20 ॥
kiñca, brahmaṇi sthitaḥ —
bāhyasparśeṣvasaktātmā
vindatyātmani yatsukham ।
sa brahmayogayuktātmā
sukhamakṣayamaśnute ॥ 21 ॥
bāhyasparśeṣu bāhyāśca te sparśāśca bāhyasparśāḥ spṛśyante iti sparśāḥ śabdādayo viṣayāḥ teṣu bāhyasparśeṣu, asaktaḥ ātmā antaḥkaraṇaṁ yasya saḥ ayam asaktātmā viṣayeṣu prītivarjitaḥ san vindati labhate ātmani yat sukhaṁ tat vindati ityetat । sa brahmayogayuktātmā brahmaṇi yogaḥ samādhiḥ brahmayogaḥ tena brahmayogena yuktaḥ samāhitaḥ tasmin vyāpṛtaḥ ātmā antaḥkaraṇaṁ yasya saḥ brahmayogayuktātmā, sukham akṣayam aśnute vyāpnoti । tasmāt bāhyaviṣayaprīteḥ kṣaṇikāyāḥ indriyāṇi nivartayet ātmani akṣayasukhārthī ityarthaḥ ॥ 21 ॥
itaśca nivartayet —
ye hi saṁsparśajā bhogā duḥkhayonaya eva te ।
ādyantavantaḥ kaunteya na teṣu ramate budhaḥ ॥ 22 ॥
ye hi yasmāt saṁsparśajāḥ viṣayendriyasaṁsparśebhyo jātāḥ bhogā bhuktayaḥ duḥkhayonaya eva te, avidyākṛtatvāt । dṛśyante hi ādhyātmikādīni duḥkhāni tannimittānyeva । yathā ihaloke tathā paraloke'pi iti gamyate evaśabdāt । na saṁsāre sukhasya gandhamātramapi asti iti buddhvā viṣayamṛgatṛṣṇikāyā indriyāṇi nivartayet । na kevalaṁ duḥkhayonaya eva, ādyantavantaśca, ādiḥ viṣayendriyasaṁyogo bhogānām antaśca tadviyoga eva ; ataḥ ādyantavantaḥ anityāḥ, madhyakṣaṇabhāvitvāt ityarthaḥ । kaunteya, na teṣu bhogeṣu ramate budhaḥ vivekī avagataparamārthatattvaḥ ; atyantamūḍhānāmeva hi viṣayeṣu ratiḥ dṛśyate, yathā paśuprabhṛtīnām ॥ 22 ॥
ayaṁ ca śreyomārgapratipakṣī kaṣṭatamo doṣaḥ sarvānarthaprāptihetuḥ durnivāraśca iti tatparihāre yatnādhikyaṁ kartavyam ityāha bhagavān —
śaknotīhaiva yaḥ soḍhuṁ prākcharīravimokṣaṇāt ।
kāmakrodhodbhavaṁ vegaṁ sa yuktaḥ sa sukhī naraḥ ॥ 23 ॥
śaknoti utsahate ihaiva jīvanneva yaḥ soḍhuṁ prasahituṁ prāk pūrvaṁ śarīravimokṣaṇāt ā maraṇāt ityarthaḥ । maraṇasīmākaraṇaṁ jīvato'vaśyambhāvi hi kāmakrodhodbhavo vegaḥ, anantanimittavān hi saḥ iti yāvat maraṇaṁ tāvat na visrambhaṇīya ityarthaḥ । kāmaḥ indriyagocaraprāpte iṣṭe viṣaye śrūyamāṇe smaryamāṇe vā anubhūte sukhahetau yā gardhiḥ tṛṣṇā sa kāmaḥ ; krodhaśca ātmanaḥ pratikūleṣu duḥkhahetuṣu dṛśyamāneṣu śrūyamāṇeṣu smaryamāṇeṣu vā yo dveṣaḥ saḥ krodhaḥ ; tau kāmakrodhau udbhavo yasya vegasya saḥ kāmakrodhodbhavaḥ vegaḥ । romāñcanaprahṛṣṭanetravadanādiliṅgaḥ antaḥkaraṇaprakṣobharūpaḥ kāmodbhavo vegaḥ, gātraprakampaprasvedasandaṣṭoṣṭhapuṭaraktanetrādiliṅgaḥ krodhodbhavo vegaḥ, taṁ kāmakrodhodbhavaṁ vegaṁ yaḥ utsahate prasahate soḍhuṁ prasahitum , saḥ yuktaḥ yogī sukhī ca iha loke naraḥ ॥ 23 ॥
kathambhūtaśca brahmaṇi sthitaḥ brahma prāpnoti iti āha bhagavān —
yo'ntaḥsukho'ntarārāmastathāntarjyotireva yaḥ ।
sa yogī brahmanirvāṇaṁ brahmabhūto'dhigacchati ॥ 24 ॥
yaḥ antaḥsukhaḥ antaḥ ātmani sukhaṁ yasya saḥ antaḥsukhaḥ, tathā antareva ātmani ārāmaḥ āramaṇaṁ krīḍā yasya saḥ antarārāmaḥ, tathā eva antaḥ eva ātmanyeva jyotiḥ prakāśo yasya saḥ antarjyotireva, yaḥ īdṛśaḥ saḥ yogī brahmanirvāṇaṁ brahmaṇi nirvṛtiṁ mokṣam iha jīvanneva brahmabhūtaḥ san adhigacchati prāpnoti ॥ 24 ॥
kiñca —
labhante brahmanirvāṇamṛṣayaḥ kṣīṇakalmaṣāḥ ।
chinnadvaidhā yatātmānaḥ sarvabhūtahite ratāḥ ॥ 25 ॥
labhante brahmanirvāṇaṁ mokṣam ṛṣayaḥ samyagdarśinaḥ saṁnyāsinaḥ kṣīṇakalmaṣāḥ kṣīṇapāpāḥ nirdoṣāḥ chinnadvaidhāḥ chinnasaṁśayāḥ yatātmānaḥ saṁyatendriyāḥ sarvabhūtahite ratāḥ sarveṣāṁ bhūtānāṁ hite ānukūlye ratāḥ ahiṁsakā ityarthaḥ ॥ 25 ॥
kiñca —
kāmakrodhaviyuktānāṁ yatīnāṁ yatacetasām ।
abhito brahmanirvāṇaṁ vartate viditātmanām ॥ 26 ॥
kāmakrodhaviyuktānāṁ kāmaśca krodhaśca kāmakrodhau tābhyāṁ viyuktānāṁ yatīnāṁ saṁnyāsināṁ yatacetasāṁ saṁyatāntaḥkaraṇānām abhitaḥ ubhayataḥ jīvatāṁ mṛtānāṁ ca brahmanirvāṇaṁ mokṣo vartate viditātmanāṁ viditaḥ jñātaḥ ātmā yeṣāṁ te viditātmānaḥ teṣāṁ viditātmanāṁ samyagdarśināmityarthaḥ ॥ 26 ॥
samyagdarśananiṣṭhānāṁ saṁnyāsināṁ sadyaḥ muktiḥ uktā । karmayogaśca īśvarārpitasarvabhāvena īśvare brahmaṇi ādhāya kriyamāṇaḥ sattvaśuddhijñānaprāptisarvakarmasaṁnyāsakrameṇa mokṣāya iti bhagavān pade pade abravīt , vakṣyati ca । atha idānīṁ dhyānayogaṁ samyagdarśanasya antaraṅgaṁ vistareṇa vakṣyāmi iti tasya sūtrasthānīyān ślokān upadiśati sma —
sparśānkṛtvā bahirbāhyāṁścakṣuścaivāntare bhruvoḥ ।
prāṇāpānau samau kṛtvā nāsābhyantaracāriṇau ॥ 27 ॥
yatendriyamanobuddhirmunirmokṣaparāyaṇaḥ ।
vigatecchābhayakrodho yaḥ sadā mukta eva saḥ ॥ 28 ॥
sparśān śabdādīn kṛtvā bahiḥ bāhyān — śrotrādidvāreṇa antaḥ buddhau praveśitāḥ śabdādayaḥ viṣayāḥ tān acintayataḥ śabdādayo bāhyā bahireva kṛtāḥ bhavanti — tān evaṁ bahiḥ kṛtvā cakṣuścaiva antare bhruvoḥ ‘kṛtvā’ iti anuṣajyate । tathā prāṇāpānau nāsābhyantaracāriṇau samau kṛtvā, yatendriyamanobuddhiḥ yatāni saṁyatāni indriyāṇi manaḥ buddhiśca yasya saḥ yatendriyamanobuddhiḥ, mananāt muniḥ saṁnyāsī, mokṣaparāyaṇaḥ evaṁ dehasaṁsthānāt mokṣaparāyaṇaḥ mokṣa eva param ayanaṁ parā gatiḥ yasya saḥ ayaṁ mokṣaparāyaṇo muniḥ bhavet । vigatecchābhayakrodhaḥ icchā ca bhayaṁ ca krodhaśca icchābhayakrodhāḥ te vigatāḥ yasmāt saḥ vigatecchābhayakrodhaḥ, yaḥ evaṁ vartate sadā saṁnyāsī, mukta eva saḥ na tasya mokṣāyānyaḥ kartavyo'sti ॥ 28 ॥
evaṁ samāhitacittena kiṁ vijñeyam iti, ucyate —
bhoktāraṁ yajñatapasāṁ sarvalokamaheśvaram ।
suhṛdaṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ jñātvā māṁ śāntimṛcchati ॥ 29 ॥
bhoktāraṁ yajñatapasāṁ yajñānāṁ tapasāṁ ca kartṛrūpeṇa devatārūpeṇa ca, sarvalokamaheśvaraṁ sarveṣāṁ lokānāṁ mahāntam īśvaraṁ suhṛdaṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ sarvaprāṇināṁ pratyupakāranirapekṣatayā upakāriṇaṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ hṛdayeśayaṁ sarvakarmaphalādhyakṣaṁ sarvapratyayasākṣiṇaṁ māṁ nārāyaṇaṁ jñātvā śāntiṁ sarvasaṁsāroparatim ṛcchati prāpnoti ॥ 29 ॥
iti śrīmatparamahaṁsaparivrājakācāryasya śrīgovindabhagavatpūjayapādaśiṣyasya śrīmacchaṅkarabhagavataḥ kṛtau śrīmadbhagavadgītābhāṣye pañcamo'dhyāyaḥ ॥